Abstract
On 15 October 2015, the floodplain of the Calore River underwent a destructive flood, with a stream stage increase up to 10 m. In this paper, we describe the GIS-based, object-oriented geomorphological map of the overflooded sectors of the Calore River floodplain near Benevento. The map graphically represents the field-checked results of a detailed geomorphological study carried out by means of GIS analysis of historical and topographic maps and orthophotos. Particular attention was devoted to the analysis of the channel adjustments experienced by the Calore River since the end of the 19th century, which shaped most of the landforms in the floodplain. The results showed that the investigated floodplain is characterized by abandoned channels, anthropogenic landforms, and five orders of recent river terraces separated by gently-sloping inactive fluvial scarps, less than 2 m high. On the oldest and/or more distal sectors of the floodplain, landforms are badly preserved, probably due to the more prolonged reshaping by natural erosional processes and anthropogenic activities, and to the high erodibility of the loose sediments in which they are shaped. The proposed map could be a key tool for a correct flood hazard assessment in the Benevento area, permitting thematic maps that avoid or reduce the negative effects of events similar to the 15 October 2015 flood.
Highlights
The need to strengthen the role of geomorphological mapping in territorial and environmental studies has prompted researchers to look for new operating standards [1,2,3], due to advances in information technology and in aerial and satellite technology [4,5,6]
The GIS-based, object-oriented geomorphological map described in this paper is the result of a detailed geomorphological analysis, which consisted of topographic maps and air-photos interpretation, integrated with a multi-temporal and morphometric analysis of the Calore River channel performed in a GIS environment, and geomorphological field mapping
This result was achieved by means of queries based attributes
Summary
The need to strengthen the role of geomorphological mapping in territorial and environmental studies has prompted researchers to look for new operating standards [1,2,3], due to advances in information technology and in aerial and satellite technology [4,5,6]. GIS technology meets these criteria, since it is able to store and process large amounts of spatial data, as well as extracting simultaneously earth surface information of different types and, compile maps in a very rapid and effective way [13]. This possibility is inherent in the structure of GIS technology, which selects and organizes information on different geo-referenced levels or layers [2,3]. It is possible to produce “dynamic” and updatable cartographic representations, which achieve the objective of being understandable to both editors and users
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