Abstract
This study attempted to conduct ArcGIS based diagnostic analysis of Irrigation scheme with intention of introduction of wise use of limited natural resources in case of Upper Awash for irrigation purpose. Experimental site selection criteria were that Boset woreda was one of the most chronically food in-secure districts, availability of secondary data and organizational set up of the irrigation projects. As to the output, simple model to calculate weighted overlay analysis of irrigation suitability was conducted and mapped, and from the map 4454 ha area was identified to be in suitable range for irrigation. Rainfall data records of 10 years (2003-2012) and Awash River stream flow of 21 years (1975-1995) records were adjusted for missing data, checked for consistency by developing double mass curve using three adjacent stations, analyzed for 80% stream flow dependability and was found to be 23.78 m3/s after giving allowance of 30% to downstream water use right. Finally, crop pattern of the study area was organized in CROPWAT 8.0 model along with necessary data such as climate, soil, and crop, cropping pattern. Maximum irrigation requirement with irrigation intensity of 100% was found to 137.5 mm/month in May from which net scheme supply design was calculated to be 5.67 m3/s and assuming 80% application efficiency total scheme supply design was found to be 7.1 m3/s .
Highlights
In Ethiopia, rainfall is becoming more erratic and unreliable from time to time as a result of global climate change and manmade climate changing factors like that of disturbance of ecosystem, environmental degradation
After reconnaissance survey was conducted in the study area, possible irrigable land was delineated through digitization
An area which was formerly under rainfed agriculture but having potential to be brought under irrigation was calculated along with the slope of which is key determinant in irrigation suitability analysis and method of irrigation to be adopted and the results are summarized in Table 3 and displayed in Figure 2 [10]
Summary
In Ethiopia, rainfall is becoming more erratic and unreliable from time to time as a result of global climate change and manmade climate changing factors like that of disturbance of ecosystem, environmental degradation. Often as convective storms, with very high rainfall intensity and extreme spatial and temporal variability. These rainfall patterns affect crop and livestock production and contribute to volatility in food prices, which affects overall economic development [1]. According to IWMI, (2007) due to lack of water storage, large spatial and temporal variations in rainfall, there is not enough water for most farmers to produce more than one time per year and there are frequent crop failures due to dry spells and droughts which has resulted in a chronic food shortage currently facing the country
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