Gingival health status in relation to salivary irisin in oral ulcerative patients of Diyala city, Iraq

Abstract

Background: Gingivitis is the inflammation of the gingival tissue around the teeth initiated by bacteria. Irisin is a newly identified novel anti-inflammatory effect of adipocytokine. Recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU) remains the most common ulcerative disease in the mucosa tissue of the oral cavity, existing as repeated onset of single or multiple painful ulcers. The study aims to evaluate gingival health status in relation to salivary irisin in oral ulcerative patients of Diyala City/ Iraq. The total sample consists of 200 patients taken from the specialized dental center in Ba'aquba / Diyala governorate from January-March 2022 for both genders within the 20- 31 age group. One hundred patients complaining of recurrent aphthous ulcers without systemic diseases were selected, and 100 patients were free from recurrent aphthous ulcers. The gingival inflammation was examined and recorded using Loe and Silness (1964). According to WHO (1997), a recurrent aphthous ulcer was assessed, and salivary irisin levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the study and control groups, the prevalence of gingivitis was 100%, with a higher mean value of GI among the study group than the control group. Minor ulcer prevalence was higher than a significant ulcer. The level of irisin was higher in the study group than in the control group, and the correlation between GI and irisin was negatively weak in the study and positively weak in the control group. Keywords: Gingival health, Irisin, RAU.