Abstract
BackgroundGerminated brown rice (GBR) is a novel functional food that is high in fiber and bioactive compounds with health-promoting properties. This study aims to evaluate anti-obesity effects of GBR in obese rats fed high-fat diet (HFD).MethodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats were fed HFD for 8 weeks to induce obesity. The rats were then administrated with GBR where the source of dietary carbohydrate of HFD was replaced by either 25 % GBR, 50 % GBR or 100 % GBR for another 8 weeks. Changes in anthropometry, dietary status, biochemical parameters and histopathology of liver and adipose tissue were measured.ResultsRats fed with HFD were showed elevation in body weight gain and in white adipose tissue mass compared with rats consumed commercial diet. The GBR administration in 50 % GBR and 100 % GBR were significantly decreased body weight gains and food intakes as well as improved lipid profiles in obese rats. In addition, the administration of GBR had reduced adiposity by showing declination in white adipose tissue mass, adipocytes size and leptin level concomitantly with a higher ratio of fat excretion into feces. Micro- and macrovesicular steatosis were evidently attenuated in obese rats fed GBR.ConclusionThese findings demonstrated that GBR exhibited anti-obesity effects through suppression of body weight gain and food intake, improvement of lipid profiles and reduction of leptin level and white adipose tissue mass in obese rats fed HFD.
Highlights
Germinated brown rice (GBR) is a novel functional food that is high in fiber and bioactive compounds with health-promoting properties
Treatments of GBR After confirming that the high-fat diet (HFD) rats were obese (8 weeks of obesity induction), the rats were further subdivided into HFD positive control (PC) group (n = 8), HFDinduced obese rat administrated with 25 % GBR (25 T) group (n = 8), HFD-induced obese rat administrated with 50 % GBR (50 T) group (n = 8), and HFD-induced obese rat administrated with 100 % GBR (100 T) group (n = 8)
Energy contributed from fat sources in HFD diet was 52.0 kcal% and it was 43 % increase fat composition compared with normal diet (9.0 kcal%)
Summary
Germinated brown rice (GBR) is a novel functional food that is high in fiber and bioactive compounds with health-promoting properties. This study aims to evaluate anti-obesity effects of GBR in obese rats fed high-fat diet (HFD). Obesity is a condition where abnormal or excessive fat accumulation in the body may affect one person’s health [1]. About 10.0 % of world adults male and 14.0 % of world adults female were identified as being obese (body mass index, BMI ≥30) in the report of World Health Statistics 2014 [3]. Numerous studies have examined the anti-obesity effects from various rice species including geminated rough rice [8], germinated brown rice (GBR) [9, 10], black rice [11], wild rice [12] and red mold rice [13].
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