Abstract
The radial sand ridges consist of more than 70 sand ridges that are spread out radially on the continental shelf of the South Yellow Sea. As a unique geomorphological feature in the world, its evolution process and characteristics are crucial to marine resource management and ecological protection. Based on the multi-source remote sensing image data from 1979 to 2019, three types of geomorphic feature lines, artificial coastlines, waterlines, and sand ridge lines were extracted. Using the GIS sequence analysis method (Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS), spatial overlay analysis, standard deviational ellipse method), the evolution characteristics of the shoreline, exposed tidal flats, and underwater sand ridges from land to sea were interpreted. The results demonstrate that: (1) The coastline has been advancing towards the sea with a maximum advance rate of 348.76 m/a from Wanggang estuary to Xiaoyangkou Port. (2) The exposed tidal flats have decreased by 1484 km2 including the reclaimed area of 1414 km2 and showed a trend of erosion in the north around Xiyang channel and deposition in the southeast around the Gaoni and Jiangjiasha areas. (3) The overall sand ridge lines showed a trend of gradually moving southeast (135°), and the moving distance is nearly 4 km in the past 40 years. In particular, the sand ridge of Tiaozini has moved 11 km southward, while distances of 8 km for Liangyuesha and 5 km for Lengjiasha were also observed. For the first time, this study quantified the overall migration trend of the RSRs. The imbalance of the regional tidal wave system may be one of the main factors leading to the overall southeastward shift of the radiation sandbanks.
Highlights
The radial sand ridges (RSRs), which are located on the continental shelf of the South
In order to facilitate the analysis of the long-term sequence of landform changes, we selected the optical multispectral image data from the 1970s to the present as the main data source, such as Landsat, HJ-1, and GF-1. (Table 1)
The remote sensing images were preprocessed by band composition, strip-stripping, image enhancement processing, and geometric correction
Summary
The radial sand ridges (RSRs), which are located on the continental shelf of the South. Yellow Sea, have outstanding geological value because of their unique radial landform structure and large area of tidal flats [1]. The two largest Chinese rivers, the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, have supplied huge quantities of sediment since early Cenozoic times [2]. Due to abundant sediment and nutrients, it is very suitable for the reproduction and habitat of wetland creatures, especially birds. China’s migratory bird sanctuaries along the coast of the Yellow Sea–Bohai Gulf (Phase I) [3]. In the past 40 years, the RSRs have withstood pressure from land and sea. Land reclamation activities on the Jiangsu coast are very frequent and high intensity.
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