Abstract
This paper deals with the generation of accurate, dense and coloured 3D models of outdoor scenarios from scanners. This is a challenging research field in which several problems still remain unsolved. In particular, the process of 3D model creation in outdoor scenes may be inefficient if the scene is digitalized under unsuitable technical (specific scanner on-board camera) and environmental (rain, dampness, changing illumination) conditions. We address our research towards the integration of images and range data to produce photorealistic models. Our proposal is based on decoupling the colour integration and geometry reconstruction stages, making them independent and controlled processes. This issue is approached from two different viewpoints. On the one hand, given a complete model (geometry plus texture), we propose a method to modify the original texture provided by the scanner on-board camera with the colour information extracted from external images taken at given moments and under specific environmental conditions. On the other hand, we propose an algorithm to directly assign external images onto the complete geometric model, thus avoiding tedious on-line calibration processes. We present the work conducted on two large Roman archaeological sites dating from the first century A.D., namely, the Theatre of Segobriga and the Fori Porticus of Emerita Augusta, both in Spain. The results obtained demonstrate that our approach could be useful in the digitalization and 3D modelling fields.
Highlights
The construction of geometrical outdoor models, which consist of millions of points and patches, can be carried out with relatively efficiency and accuracy by using current 3D sensors, with phase-shift and time of flight scanners
Using a complete model obtained after several data acquisition sessions, our aim is to modify the original texture provided on site by the scanner on-board camera with the colour information extracted from external images taken at particular times of day, times of the year or under more suitable environmental conditions
When the data is used in outdoor scenes most of the potential data are missed because they correspond to the sky and only a part of the data are useful
Summary
The construction of geometrical outdoor models, which consist of millions of points and patches, can be carried out with relatively efficiency and accuracy by using current 3D sensors, with phase-shift and time of flight scanners. The combination of a set of 3D clouds of points and colour images to obtain a photorealistic model is still an area of research which has a number of unsolved problems. The first of these relates to the experimental setup itself. In the field of digitalization, geometrical information and colour information are usually captured at the same time, under the illumination conditions that exist at the very moment of the 3D data acquisition. This makes the fusion of both types of information highly prone to errors
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