Abstract
The physical principle of geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) in power transmission grids during geomagnetic disturbances is directly based on Faraday’s law of induction. By saturating transformers GICs may disturb power systems, and the risk is great in particular at auroral latitudes where geomagnetic disturbances are most intense. However until now, practically no inconveniences have been observed in the Finnish power system, but studies on GICs in the 400 kV grid including both measurements and theoretical calculations are going on. This paper deals with the research work done in Finland. The largest recorded GIC flowing through a 400 kV transformer into the earth is 165 A, but theoretical estimates indicate the possibility of even several hundreds of amperes in the Finnish system during very great geomagnetic storms.
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