Abstract

The Brazilian craton or shield which is formed of Precambrian rocks is separated into three main areas by the Amazon, Parnaiba, and Parana intercratonic basins. The first two of these basins located in northern Brazil (Fig. 1) are the subject of the present article. The Amazon basin which contains a thick sequence of Palaeozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic sediments lies between the central Brazilian shield and the Guiana shield. The area occupied by the sediments is about 1,250,000 km2, of which 750,000 km2 are of Palaeozoic sediment outcrops and subcrops (Fig. 2). The basin is elongated in shape, trending in an east-northeast direction from the Peruvian and Colombian borders to the mouth of the Amazon River. The basin is about 3000 km long and 300 km wide in the eastern part and 600–800 km wide in the western region.

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