Abstract
Seismic site effects and topographic effects related to ground motion occur during an earthquake due to site-specific geotechnical or geological characteristics, including the geological or geographical structure and the characteristics of near-surface sub-soil layers. Site-specific site effects due to geological conditions have been confirmed in recent earthquake events. Earthquake-induced damage has mainly occurred at accumulated soft soil layers under basins or along coasts and rivers. An alternative method has recently been proposed for evaluating regional seismic site effects and amplification factors using digital elevation models (DEM). High-quality DEMs at high resolutions may be employed to resolve finer-scale variations in topographic gradients and consequently, correlated site response parameters. Because there are many regions in South Korea lacking borehole datasets, which are insufficient for site classification only using borehole datasets, a DEM-based proxy for seismic zonation can be effective. Thus, in this study, geo-proxy-based site classification was proposed based on empirical correlations with site response parameters and conducted for regional zonation of seismic site effects to identify the amplification of characteristics in the western metropolitan areas of South Korea, depending on the site-specific geo-spatial conditions.
Highlights
The near-surface seismic motion and earthquake-induced damage experienced during an earthquake can vary significantly, even for sites located at the same distance from the epicenter.This is due to the source effects and propagation path through the bedrock as well as the seismic response due to site-specific geotechnical dynamic characteristics, such as the shear wave velocity (VS )in the sub-soil layers
In this study, the site classification system (Table 1) of Sun [2], which is based on various site response parameters, was introduced as a technique that considers the geotechnical characteristics in South Korea
The proposed geo-proxy-based site classification system was applied to the extended area of Incheon, which is the target region of a seismic hazard assessment based on the quantification of the Incheon, which is the target region of a seismic hazard assessment based on the quantification of geotechnical earthquake engineering characteristics
Summary
The near-surface seismic motion and earthquake-induced damage experienced during an earthquake can vary significantly, even for sites located at the same distance from the epicenter. There are a few studies on differential and efficient site-specific seismic response assessments and the site classification system derivation for a regional-scale level rather than a local site level Such broad area information can be useful for promptly identifying geotechnical and geological characteristics at a site of interest. Site classification with a digital elevation models (DEM)-based or a geographic coverage datasets-based proxy should be established based on empirical correlations with site response parameters to evaluate regional-scale seismic zonation and to develop an earthquake alert system. To identify the amplification characteristics in South Korea, depending on the geo-spatial condition (elevation, slope, etc.), the dual framework for a site classification system with site response parameters and geo-proxies was proposed (Figure 1). Based site classification and this was applied to the Incheon area for validation of the proposed criteria
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