Abstract
Feline coronavirus (FCoV) infections are endemic among cats worldwide. The majority of infections are asymptomatic or result in only mild enteric disease. However, approximately 5 % of cases develop feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), a systemic disease that is a frequent cause of death in young cats. In this study, we report the complete coding genome sequences of six FCoVs: three from faecal samples from healthy cats and three from tissue lesion samples from cats with confirmed FIP. The six samples were obtained over a period of 8 weeks at a single-site cat rescue and rehoming centre in the UK. We found amino acid differences located at 44 positions across an alignment of the six virus translatomes and, at 21 of these positions, the differences fully or partially discriminated between the genomes derived from the faecal samples and the genomes derived from the tissue lesion samples. In this study, two amino acid differences fully discriminated the two classes of genomes: these were both located in the S2 domain of the virus surface glycoprotein gene. We also identified deletions in the 3c protein ORF of genomes from two of the FIP samples. Our results support previous studies that implicate S protein mutations in the pathogenesis of FIP.
Highlights
IntroductionThey are generally responsible for mild enteric and respiratory infections, but they can be associated with severe disease in both humans and animals (Masters & Perlman, 2013)
This study demonstrated an approach to the complete genome sequencing of Feline coronavirus (FCoV) derived from clinical material that is achievable in a standard laboratory setting
It was based on the generation of a virus-specific cDNA library using oligonucleotide primer pairs, followed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) on a commercial platform, and downstream genome assembly using free software that will run on a personal computer
Summary
They are generally responsible for mild enteric and respiratory infections, but they can be associated with severe disease in both humans and animals (Masters & Perlman, 2013). The majority of these proteins are encoded in two 59-proximal, In this paper, unless otherwise stated, FCoV will be used to mean serotype 1 FCoV. FCoV is used as a strain designation for the species Alphacoronavirus 1 in the genus Alphacoronavirus, family Coronaviridae
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