Abstract
BackgroundPompe disease (PD) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the acid α-glucosidase gene (GAA) that produces defects in the lysosomal acid α-1,4-glucosidase. We aimed to identify genetic variations and clinical features in Spanish subjects to establish genotype–phenotype correlation.MethodsA total of 2637 samples of patients who showed symptoms or susceptible signs of PD were enrolled in this observational study. Enzymatic activity was detected by fluorometric techniques and the genetic study was carried out using Next-Generation Sequencing.ResultsFourteen different variants from 17 diagnosed patients were identified, seven males and nine females with LOPD (mean age 36.07, SD 20.57, range 7–64) and a 2-day-old boy with IOPD, four genetic variants had not been described in the literature previously, including a homozygous variant. In all of them α-glucosidase activity was decreased. Muscle weakness, respiratory distress, exercise intolerance, hypotonia, dysphagia and myalgia were commonly observed in patients.ConclusionsThis study report four new genetic variants that contribute to the pathogenic variants spectrum of the GAA gene. We confirm that patients in Spain have a characteristic profile of a European population, with c.-32-13T>G being the most prevalent variant. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the c.236_246delCCACACAGTGC pathogenic variant in homozygosity is associated with early disease and a worse prognosis.
Highlights
IntroductionPompe disease (PD) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the acid α-glucosidase gene (GAA) that produces defects in the lysosomal acid α-1,4-glucosidase
Pompe disease (PD) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the acid alpha-glucosidase gene (GAA)that produces biochemical defects in the lysosomal acid alpha 1,4-glucosidase
late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) could be detected in childhood if we could use better clinical diagnostic methods such as genetic tests as newborn screening tests
Summary
Pompe disease (PD) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the acid α-glucosidase gene (GAA) that produces defects in the lysosomal acid α-1,4-glucosidase. Pompe disease (PD) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the acid alpha-glucosidase gene (GAA)that produces biochemical defects in the lysosomal acid alpha 1,4-glucosidase. It was reported that the incidence of PD in Caucasian is 1:100,000 and 1:60,000 in IOPD and LOPD respectively [3]. It is not clear how many cases exist in Spanish population, the frequency of genetic variants or whether there are characteristic variants of a certain region [4]
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