Abstract
Fluorescence imaging as an attractive diagnostic technique is widely employed for early diagnosis of cancer. Self-biosynthesized fluorescent Eu complex in situ in Hela cells have realized specifically and accurately fluorescence imaging for cancer cells. But the molecular mechanism of the in situ biosynthesized process is still unclear. In order to reveal this mechanism, we have investigated whole-genome expression profiles with cDNA microarray, incubated with Eu solution in Hela cells for 24 h. Methylthiazoltetrazolium (MTT) assay and laser confocal fluorescence microscopy study showed the low cytotoxicity and specifically fluorescence imaging of Eu complex in Hela cells. It is observed that 563 up-regulated genes and 274 down-regulated genes were differentially expressed. Meanwhile, quantitative RT-PCR was utilized to measure the expression of some important genes, which validated the results of microarray data analysis. Besides, GO analysis showed that a wide range of differential expression functional genes involved in three groups, including cellular component, molecular function and cellular biological process. It was evident that some important biological pathways were apparently affected through KEGG pathway analysis, including focal adhesion pathway and PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3′ -kinase)-Akt signaling pathway, which can influence glycolytic metabolism and NAD(P)H-oxidases metabolic pathway.
Highlights
In modern societies, cancer is one of the most dreaded disease which is very difficult to survive
Fluorescence Eu complex was spontaneously biosynthesized in situ with Eu(NO3)3 solution incubating in Hela cells
gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that the fluorescence Eu complex selfbiosynthesis in Hela cells involved in large rang of functional genes which belong to cellular component, molecular function and cellular biological process
Summary
Cancer is one of the most dreaded disease which is very difficult to survive. Fluorescence imaging was widely explored for the early detection of the cancer cells, due to its high sensitivity and specificity [2,3,4]. For europium (Eu) species has been utilized for the sensitive detection of cancers [8], because the unfilled f and d molecular orbits can readily result in special optical properties. Considering of those observations, in this contribution we have explored the special biosynthesis strategy of Eu complex for fluorescence bioimaging of cancer cells [9]
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