Abstract
Basic knowledge of genetic characteristics of populations is necessary to conduct effective breeding and selection. The objective of this paper is describing the genetic variation of rubber yield and the correlation with other traits, and estimating the genetic parameters for girth growth and total number of latex vessels. Sixty seven clones of Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. de Juss.) Muell.-Arg. were tested at five sites during 10 years. Characters girth growth at panel opening and rubber yield, showed broad sense heritability on plot mean level, from 0.32 to 0.66 and 0.59 to 0.92, respectively. Predicted genetic gains equal to 0.73 cm and 0.79 g increase respectively on girth and yield in the opening panel and mature phases seems realistic, even with moderate selection intensities. Genetic correlations with rubber yield, bark thickness and total number of latex vessels were very large, and almost no genotype-environment interaction was present for girth growth. High genotype-environment interaction was present for rubber yield with genetic and phenotypic correlations across the sites, ranging from 0.64 to 0.92 (genetic) and 0.63 to 0.89 (phenotypic). Total number of latex vessels rings had a high heritability, ranging from 20.0% to 64.0% in the sites E and B, respectively.
Highlights
To improve the productivity of rubber plantations, Hevea breeding programs exploit genetically variable populations to obtain superior trees
Quantitative information is required about the size of genetic variances, the type of gene action, and the heritability and genetic correlations for economically important traits
The Brazilian clones Fx, IAC, and IAN were developed by the Fordland breeding program, Instituto Agronômico (IAC), and former “Instituto Agronômico do Norte (IAN)”, Embrapa Ocidental
Summary
To improve the productivity of rubber plantations, Hevea breeding programs exploit genetically variable populations to obtain superior trees. A basic knowledge of the genetic characteristics of plant populations is necessary to conduct effective breeding and selection. Quantitative information is required about the size of genetic variances, the type of gene action, and the heritability and genetic correlations for economically important traits. This enables the outcome of selection to be predicted, genetic gains. It helps determining difficulties in selection and the strategies to overcome such problems. It broadens knowledge of the genetics and breeding behavior of the species involved
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