Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis in Tomato

Abstract

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) yield in India is below world averages. To increase productivity, it is necessary to develop superior varieties/hybrids. The efficiency of selection depends upon the nature and magnitude of genetic variability and degree of transmissibility of desired characters. Because yield is a complex character, its direct improvement is difficult. Twenty-six genotypes of tomato were assessed to determine the nature and magnitude of variability, correlation, and path coefficient analysis between yield and yield-contributing characters. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed highly significant differences among all genotypes for the characters. The genotype ‘EC-357838’ had the highest mean value for number of fruit per plant, total soluble solids, and yield per plant. High PC phenotypic coefficient of variability (PCV), genotypic coefficient of variability (GCV), and heritability estimates, coupled with high genetic gain, were observed for plant height, number of fruit per plant, yield per plant, and fruit weight, indicating that these characters are under additive gene effects and more reliable for effective selection. Correlation indicated that yield was significantly and positively associated with number of fruit per plant and per cluster. Path analysis at the genotypic level indicated that fruit weight had the most positive direct effect on yield per plant followed by number of fruit per plant, fruit diameter, and number of fruit per cluster. Direct selection on the basis of fruit weight, number of fruit per plant, fruit diameter, and number of fruit per cluster is reliable for yield improvement in tomato.