Abstract
Aim of study: Our objective was to investigate the mitochondrial DNA of local Brazilian goats to gain insights into the genetic composition of this precious genetic resource.Area of study: The study was developed in BrazilMaterial and methods: We analyzed a hypervariable region of the mitochondrial DNA of 83 goats belonging to four local Brazilian breeds, including Canindé (CAN-RN), Moxotó (MOX-CE), Marota (MAR-PI) and Azul (AZU-PE) as well as of exotic breeds raised in different states of the Federation. Sequences related to local Brazilian goats showed a dispersed distribution throughout the median-joining network, and clustering with sequences of exotic breeds occurred in some haplotypes. The obtained sequences were analyzed and compared with different haplogroups (A, B1, B2, C, D, F, and G) available on GenBank.Main results: The local Brazilian goat breeds showed significant diversity, with 16 (0.8240) haplotypes. Population structure analysis revealed substantial differences among breeds (p < 0.05). Mitochondrial lineage A was observed in Brazilian goats. Phylogeny showed European goats as the dominant stock for Brazilian goats, but there weare some haplotypes within haplogroup A, clustering with African and Asian haplotypes.Research highlights: These results could be suitable for creating a strategic conservation program, potentially benefitting future breeding programs.
Highlights
Goats are vital to the livelihoods of many Brazilians and the broader Brazilian economy
Two cosmopolitan exotic breeds were used in this study: Saanen, n = 20, raised in Pernambuco State (SAA-PE), and British Alpine, n = 10, raised in Bahia state (ALP-BA)
Variation of mtDNA in the most representative local and exotic goat breeds raised in Brazil
Summary
Goats are vital to the livelihoods of many Brazilians and the broader Brazilian economy. They are especially vital in the semiarid region, which raises 7.6 million heads, representing more than 90% of the national goat herds (IBGE, 2018). There are ten local goat breeds in the country (Moxotó, Canindé, Marota, Repartida, Gurguéia, Azul, Crespa, Graúna, Parda Sertaneja, and Nambi) with the effective number below 50 (Lima et al, 2007). The. Moxotó and Canindé are the only officially recognized breeds and the most widespread ones in the country.
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