Abstract
Ethiopia is one of the center of origin and diversity of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. The genus Sorghum has been divided into three subspecies, namely, bicolor, verticilliflorum and drummondii. The study of the genetic diversity of the wild species of sorghum significantly contributes to the improvement of Sorghum. The aim of study was to investigate the genetic diversity of wild Sorghum from Ethiopia using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat markers (ISSR) markers. ISSR were used to estimate genetic diversity among and within 12 populations of wild sorghum that were collected from different ecological zones of Ethiopia. Seven selected ISSR primers yielded 43 reproducible bands from 96 individuals, eight individuals representing each population. Jimma 1 population exhibited highest gene diversity of 0.2885. The least gene diversity (0.1192) was observed in East Wollega 1. Shannon diversity index also showed the same diversity pattern where Jimma 1 population showed the highest value (0.4067) and the least Shannon diversity index was exhibited by East Wollega 1 population (0.1757). Analysis of molecular variance showed that within population variation was higher (54.68%) than among population variation (45.32%). Un-weighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) based dendrogram showed Gambella 1 and Jimma 2 populations showed highest similarity. Individual based UPGMA clustering of overall analysis showed five major clusters and some of individuals were clustered with respect to their populations except few intermixed individuals from other populations. In two dimensional (2 D) Principal coordinate analysis (PCO), most of West Wollega 1 and West Wollega 2 individuals formed their separate group except few individuals from other populations mixed with them
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