Abstract
A total of 72 rice genotypes including Balam (40), Jesso-Balam (27) rice land races and popular varieties (5) from Bangladesh were characterized using 45 SSR markers for studying genetic diversity and identification of duplicate germplasm. Altogether 430 alleles were detected which varied from 4 to 18 per locus with an average of 9.6. The highest number of alleles (18) was found in the locus RM302. The highest gene diversity (0.91) was found in RM337 and RM224, while the lowest (0.52) was found in RM237. The PIC values ranged from 0.90 to 0.46 with an average of 0.78. The highest PIC value was observed in loci RM337 and RM224 followed by 0.89 in RM55, RM258, RM21 and RM206, respectively. The gene diversity and PIC values revealed that RM337, RM224, RM55, RM258, RM21 and RM206 were the best markers to identify and distinguish the genotypes. Besides, the UPGMA clustering method generated seven clusters, where no duplicate genotype was found. It also showed that Balam and Jesso-Balam groups of germplasm were constellated into separate clusters. The Neis genetic distance ranged from 0.3556 to 1.0. Conserved, characterization and utilization of the unique and distinct variability of all the similar or duplicate named land races of Balam and Jesso-Balam rice is suggested.
Highlights
Bangladesh is self-sufficient in rice production, with the increasing population; the land under cultivation in the country is gradually decreasing due to urbanization
It was observed that multiple rice germplasm bearing the same or similar name were existed across the country
Plant material: A total of 67 accessions of rice land races of Bangladesh named Balam (40) and Jesso-Balam (27) along with five popular varieties viz. BR7, BR16, BRRI dhan 50, Nizersail and Basmati-375 (Table 1) were characterized during the year 2012. Seeds of these genotypes were collected from the Genebank of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur
Summary
Bangladesh is self-sufficient in rice production, with the increasing population; the land under cultivation in the country is gradually decreasing due to urbanization. Development of new rice varieties utilizing diverse adaptive genes with traditional, cultural, medicinal and nutritional values is urgently required to increase rice production in areas with limited land and water resources. A total of 12,487 rice germplasm of Bangladesh with their local names were listed after a country wide survey (Hamid et al, 1982). The objectives of the present study were to ascertain genetic diversity among 72 rice genotypes of Bangladesh using SSR markers and to identify duplicate ones for efficient conservation and utilization of these plant genetic resources (PGR) for rice improvement program
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