Abstract
The genetic diversity and population structure of Rhinogobius sp. BB, the fluvial landlocked endangered goby, were investigated and were compared with those of the closely related amphidromous Rhinogobius sp. MO at 11 microsatellite loci. Specimens of Rhinogobius sp. BB were collected from the Genka and Takae-A rivers, and those of Rhinogobius sp. MO were collected from the Genka and Suginda rivers in Okinawa Island. At 11 microsatellite loci, the two populations of Rhinogobius sp. BB showed lower variation than the two Rhinogobius sp. MO populations: the average number of alleles was 3.6 and 2.0 vs. 8.6 and 7.6, respectively; and the observed heterozygosity was 0.263 and 0.281 vs. 0.440 and 0.545, respectively. Pairwise F st tests showed significant differences (P < 0.001) among the populations: F st was 0.525 between the two Rhinogobius sp. BB populations, 0.079 between the two Rhinogobius sp. MO populations, and varied from 0.456 to 0.462 for comparisons among Rhinogobius sp. BB and MO. Nei’s genetic distance between the two Rhinogobius sp. BB populations is extremely large (0.604) compared with that between the two Rhinogobius sp. MO populations (0.126). The two populations of Rhinogobius sp. BB are genetically divergent, and they have extremely low genetic diversity. Therefore, the conservation of Rhinogobius sp. BB in Okinawa Island requires the assessment of each river’s population.
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