Abstract
Twenty two groundnut genotypes collected from International Crops Research Institute for Semi Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) and local sources (Samaru, UNILORIN and UNAAB) were cultivated in Lagos (60º 36’N, 30º 34’E) and Abeokuta (70º 10’N, 30º 20’E) during 2010 planting seasons, to determine the genetic variability and performance of the genotypes. Data collected on ten (10) characters and yield was subjected to multivariate analysis to determine genetic divergence among the genotypes. Number of pods per plant showed significant positive correlation with yield per plant in both environments also had the largest direct positive effect on yield per plant (0.66, 0.70). Days to maturity showed the largest direct negative effect of -0.33 and -0.36 in Lagos 2003 and Abeokuta 2004 respectively. Heritability estimates ranged from 62.34% to 90.67 and 24.75 to 89.46 for number of branches per plant at flowering and days to maturity in (E1) Lagos and (E2) Abeokuta, respectively. The mean squares of the combined analysis of variance revealed significant genotypes and Genotype x Environment interactions on yield per plant.
Highlights
Successful establishment of germplasm collections and plant introduction for crop improvement as well as for germplasm conservation require studies in genetic variability within plant populations. Jain and Workman (1966) stated that such genetic variability and heterozygosity within populations existed in both natural and agricultural populations. Wright and Dobzhansky (1970) emphasized that the maintenance of this variability depended on complex interactions among a number of genetic and environmental factors. Ariyo (1987a) buttressed this fact further by stating that progress in breeding for economic characters often depends on the availability of a large germplasm representing a diverse genetic variation
Twenty two groundnut genotypes collected from International Crops Research Institute for Semi Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) and local sources (Samaru, UNILORIN and UNAAB) were cultivated in Lagos (60o 36’N, 30o 34’E) and Abeokuta (70o 10’N, 30o 20’E) during 2010 planting seasons, to determine the genetic variability and performance of the genotypes
According to White and Gonzalez (1990) accurate cultivar evaluations and ability to differentiate between cultivars in respect of genetic parameters associated with adaptedness in cultivated plants and their wild progenitors are critical to any plant breeding programme
Summary
Successful establishment of germplasm collections and plant introduction for crop improvement as well as for germplasm conservation require studies in genetic variability within plant populations. Jain and Workman (1966) stated that such genetic variability and heterozygosity within populations existed in both natural and agricultural populations. Wright and Dobzhansky (1970) emphasized that the maintenance of this variability depended on complex interactions among a number of genetic and environmental factors. Ariyo (1987a) buttressed this fact further by stating that progress in breeding for economic characters often depends on the availability of a large germplasm representing a diverse genetic variation. Ariyo (1987a) buttressed this fact further by stating that progress in breeding for economic characters often depends on the availability of a large germplasm representing a diverse genetic variation. Successful establishment of germplasm collections and plant introduction for crop improvement as well as for germplasm conservation require studies in genetic variability within plant populations. He added that for a long term improvement programme, a large and diverse germplasm collection is an invaluable source of parental strains for hybridization and subsequent development of improved varieties. According to White and Gonzalez (1990) accurate cultivar evaluations and ability to differentiate between cultivars in respect of genetic parameters associated with adaptedness in cultivated plants and their wild progenitors are critical to any plant breeding programme
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