Abstract
An approach to generate the tunable fractional vector curvilinear beams (VCBs) was proposed. The scheme is based on the vector optical field generator (VOFG) system, where the two orthogonal polarized scalar curvilinear beams (SCBs) are generated to be the base vector components, and coaxially superposed by a Ronchi grating. We design a new phase distribution with several loops of 0 to π in order to generate more dark gaps. The phase distribution becomes nonuniform by varying the phase variation rate and the positions of the dark gaps are changed. Using the different parameters of the curves, the fractional VCBs with different shapes are achieved. The two orthogonal polarized SCBs with the opposite topological charges are modulated to perform the beam conversion by a phase-only computer-generated hologram (CGH). Our experimental results comply with the theory and the radial opening of the dark gaps may have some applications for guiding and transporting particles.
Highlights
The vector beam (VB) plays a very important role in the long history of the optical development
In 2016, Li et al proposed the concept of the perfect vector beam (PVB) [13], which is a combination of the VB and the perfect optical vortex (POV) [14]
The polarization state does not show the radial polarization state which is shown in the case of l = 1, and the polarization state is uncertainty at the initial position [44], where a dark gaps can be observed without analyzers
Summary
The vector beam (VB) plays a very important role in the long history of the optical development. Many methods of VBs generation have been proposed, and some of them designed and used the special optical elements, such as conical Brewster prism [6], single plasmonic metasurface [7], subwavelength gratings [8], [9], and interferometers [10]. There are some other methods to directly generate VBs via the specially designed lasers [11], [12]. In 2016, Li et al proposed the concept of the perfect vector beam (PVB) [13], which is a combination of the VB and the perfect optical vortex (POV) [14].
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