Abstract
We propose binary diffractive optical elements, combining several axicons of different types (axis-symmetrical and spiral), for the generation of a 3D intensity distribution in the form of multiple vector optical ‘bottle’ beams, which can be tailored by a change in the polarization state of the illumination radiation. The spatial dynamics of the obtained intensity distribution with different polarization states (circular and cylindrical of various orders) were investigated in paraxial mode numerically and experimentally. The designed binary axicons were manufactured using the e-beam lithography technique. The proposed combinations of optical elements can be used for the generation of vector optical traps in the field of laser trapping and manipulation, as well as for performing the spatial transformation of the polarization state of laser radiation, which is crucial in the field of laser-matter interaction for the generation of special morphologies of laser-induced periodic surface structures.
Highlights
In many applications, control over the polarization structure of the generated light field allows one to finely adjust light-matter interaction
cylindrical vector beams (CVBs) are superior for trapping particles bigger than the wavelength when the numerical aperture of the used microobjectives is higher than 1.1 [3]
It should be noted that the appropriate arrangement of multiple polarization singularities inherent to CVBs allows one to control the polarization distributions of the focal fields while the intensity maintains unchanged [15]
Summary
Control over the polarization structure of the generated light field allows one to finely adjust light-matter interaction. Cylindrical vector beams (CVBs), a class of axially symmetric laser beams with spatially variant polarization [1], can improve the axial trapping efficiency of high-refractive-index particles by reducing the scattering force [2]. The effect of the control of the local morphology of the formed laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) using vector beams with non-uniform polarization is well known [5,6]. There is a need to develop efficient and scalable techniques for the generation of single and multiple vector laser beams with the desired polarization structure. It should be noted that the appropriate arrangement of multiple polarization singularities inherent to CVBs allows one to control the polarization distributions of the focal fields while the intensity maintains unchanged [15]
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