Generation of a wakefield undulator in plasma with transverse density gradient

Abstract

We show that a short relativistic electron beam propagating in a plasma with a density gradient perpendicular to the direction of motion generates a wakefield in which a witness bunch experiences a transverse force. A density gradient oscillating along the beam path would create a periodically varying force—an undulator, with an estimated strength of the equivalent magnetic field more than 10 T. This opens an avenue for the creation of a high-strength, short-period undulator, which eventually may lead to all-plasma, free electron lasers where a plasma wakefield acceleration is naturally combined with a plasma undulator in a unifying, compact setup.