Generalize the EMD scheme on an n-dimensional hypercube with maximum payload

Abstract

Data hiding is concerned with hiding secret data in cover media without raising suspicion about the existence of such information. In 2006, Zhang and Wang proposed a novel efficient steganographic method by exploiting modification direction (EMD). The EMD scheme provides little distortion and good stego-image quality. Then Kieu and Chang improved the EMD scheme by using eight modification directions for embedding more secret data at a time, and achieves payload with 4.5 bpp. In this study, a generalize EMD scheme is proposed based on an n-dimensional hypercube. It provides more higher payload. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves payload with 4.75 bpp, which is better than any other published works while keeps good visual quality.