Abstract
Abstract In pediatric surgeries, general abdominal and urologic procedures are frequent interventions. Most of the underlying principles are similar to those of the adult population. Enhanced perioperative care depends on thorough patient history and physical examination supported by laboratory investigation. Many surgeries are currently performed with minimally invasive techniques. Commonly, laparoscopic-assisted procedures require general anesthesia with a secure airway device to avoid the risk of aspiration and laryngospasm. Children coming with bowel obstruction or trauma for abdominal exploration are considered to have a full stomach, and rapid sequence induction is recommended. With some exceptions, like acute urinary obstruction or testicular torsion, many pediatric urologic procedures are elective, and most of them are done in an ambulatory setting. Preoperative anxiolysis is important to consider in the wide pediatric age group population. A regional anesthesia technique can be used as an adjuvant or as a sole anesthetic technique and has been shown to enhance the recovery in children undergoing both minor and major surgeries.
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