Gender, media, and politics: a bibliometric analysis of gendered mediation in politics literature

This study is a comparative investigation of the impact of inductive and deductive teaching approaches. The aim of this study is to investigate which approach to teaching grammar was more effective for helping Saudi Arabian EFL undergraduate students acquire grammatical proficiency in English. A second objective was to shed light on the students’ preferences between the two approaches. The study is significant as the findings of this research can contribute to improved student outcomes by suggesting the best teaching strategy for Saudi students to learn English grammar. The author seeks to address the following question: Do inductive and deductive teaching approaches have similar effects on Saudi university-level EFL students’ learning of English grammar? A quantitative research design was employed with a sample of 42 undergraduate EFL university students, who were divided into an inductive group and a deductive group. Their knowledge of English grammar was assessed with pre- post-treatment tests, followed by administration of a Likert scale questionnaire eliciting the students’ perceptions of these approaches. The results indicated a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0025) favoring the inductive group. This outcome suggests that the positive impact of the inductive approach exceeded that of the deductive approach. The students’ preference results revealed that they slightly preferred the inductive approach, but the difference between groups was not statistically significant. These findings suggest that university students should learn grammar inductively. Additionally, teachers and researchers should be encouraged to incorporate an inductive teaching approach in their curricula and studies to enhance learning outcomes.

Background: Virtual patients (VPs) can be sequenced with other instructional methods in different ways.Aim: To investigate the effect of sequencing VPs with lectures in a deductive approach, in comparison with an inductive approach, on students’ knowledge acquisition, retention, and transfer.Methods: For two different topics, 84 out of 87 students have participated in the lecture and VP sessions. Students from female and male campuses have been randomly assigned to one of the two learning approaches (deductive and inductive), yielding four experimental groups. Each group received a lecture session and an independent VP learning activity, which either followed the lecture session in the deductive group or preceded it in the inductive group. Students were administrated knowledge acquisition and retention written tests as well as transfer tests using two new VPs.Results: There was no significant effect for the learning approach on knowledge acquisition or retention, while for knowledge transfer, males have benefited from the inductive approach in topic 1 while in the more complex topic 2, they have benefited from the deductive approach. On the other hand, females seem to be largely unaffected by learning approach.Conclusions: Sequencing VPs in inductive and deductive learning approaches leads to no significant differences on students’ performance when full guidance is offered in the inductive approach.

This study aimed to determine the pattern of a more effective learning approach between the inductive and deductive approach in improving students’ conceptual understanding referring to the international standard curriculum on the X graders for the material property particulate subject matter. Through the deductive approach, students already have a picture/concept in their minds. But by using an inductive approach, students use their logic to understand concepts and summarize it. The research method applied in this study is a descriptive-comparative method with a triangulation analysis technique. Instruments used in the study were a questionnaire for the students, observation sheets, and three-tier diagnostic test items for pretest and posttest. The average pretest scores for deductive and inductive classes were 54.70 and 48.25, respectively. The result of the observation sheet analysis showed the deductive approach surpassed 12 points more than the inductive approach in improving the student’s learning activity. The result of the questionnaire analysis showed that 38 of 68 students prefer the learning process using deductive to inductive approach, and thought that it was suitable with the students’ characteristics. While the average posttest scores for deductive and inductive classes were 68.16 and 55.47, respectively. The analysis result of the N-Gain test towards the pretest and posttest results regarding the three-tier diagnostic test items indicated achievement of student’s conceptual understanding using a deductive approach which was 14.2225% higher than the use of the inductive approach. The Triangulation Analysis stated that the deductive approach was more effective in improving students’ conceptual understanding of Chemistry and material topics as well as material classification. While the inductive approach was more effectively applied to the topic of Particle Kinetic theory.

This study compared deductive and inductive approaches of teaching tenses to secondary school learners. The aim of this study was to test the efficiency of the two instructional approaches of teaching tenses by observing learners’ performance. Sixty participants (37 female and 23 male), learning English in the Kingdom of Eswatini, participated in this quasi-experimental study. Convenience sampling was used to select participants who were randomly assigned to two control groups. The independent variable was ‘teaching method,’ with two levels: deductive versus inductive. The dependent variables were participants’ achievement scores derived from the pre-test and post-test. The independent t-test and the dependent t-test were used to analyse data. The results revealed that there was no significant difference between the deductive and inductive approaches in teaching tenses,although each method was effective in isolation. Based on the findings, this study recommends an integration of the two approaches in the teaching of tenses.
 
 
 Keywords: ESL context, deductive approach, grammar, inductive approach, tenses.

Gender Influences on Editorial Decisions at Epidemiology.

This study investigates the effect of using deductive and inductive approach in teaching English to students on their conditional sentence mastery. This study also intends to describe the students’ perception toward deductive or inductive teaching approach. This study was a queasy experimental study which compares the effectiveness of deductive and inductive approach in teaching conditional sentences. The sample of this study is 64 SMK students in the academic years of 2012-2013. The students consist of two classes and each class comprises 32 students. The findings indicate that inductive teaching approach is more effective than deductive approach when used to teach conditional sentences. The result of the questionnaire indicates that students like the inductive approach and they are satisfied taught using inductive approach

In the present days, many researchers are interested in the best ways of teaching English grammar to EFL (English as Foreign Language), or ESL (English as Second Language) students. As a contribution on this direction, the present study examines and compares the impact of deductive versus inductive approaches in the teaching of the subject of grammar to the first stage Iraqi students in the Department of English at College of Arts/University of Thi-Qar. The two groups of students were taught the order of adjectives through deductive and inductive approaches and then they were given identical exam to measure their understanding after the lesson. Also, feedback was provided to the participants following the lesson. The results of the study indicated that there was a slightly higher level of achievement as well as a higher level of satisfaction in the group exposed to the teaching of grammar deductively in comparison with the group exposed to the teaching of grammar inductively. The conclusions suggest that the deductive approach has more positive effect on EFL teaching than on the inductive approach.

BackgroundPresenteeism can be defined as the reduction in work performance due to ill-health at the workplace. Musculoskeletal conditions, including inflammatory arthritis (IA), are one of the most common causes for...

PurposeThis paper aims to systematically explore the experiences of restaurant patrons with quick response (QR) code menus during the pandemic to extract insights pertaining to the acceptance of technology adoption in service settings for the post-COVID era.Design/methodology/approachCOVID-19 has enormously impacted consumer perceptions toward technology adoption in restaurants. Identifying these impacts requires qualitative inquiries because qualitative techniques, unlike quantitative methods, enable researchers to seek insights into the phenomenon without a predetermined stance. This study applied a qualitative research method. The qualitative data was obtained through in-depth interviews and a focus group. Thematic analysis was conducted.FindingsThis study identified perceived attributes of QR code technology by patrons: positive attributes such as easy to learn, quick and contactless; and negative attributes such as effortful and reliance on a smartphone. Also, the results distinguished perceived advantages of utilization of QR codes as restaurants’ menu: advantages such as hygienic, environmentally friendly due to no printing and contactless; and disadvantages such as poor menu design and lack of interaction.Practical implicationsThis research presents patrons’ views on QR code menu utilization at restaurants under the pandemic conditions. Contradictory responses on the same features of technology reveal a lack of menu design in the utilization of QR codes. Restaurant practitioners can extract insights about how to better use technology like QR codes, cost-effective and environmentally friendly, in their operations in the postpandemic era.Originality/valueThis study included both deductive and inductive approaches. An inductive approach that progressed from theory to data was applied while forming interview questions. A deductive approach was used to inform theory with the findings of the data. The value of research derives from differentiating technology attributes (QR codes) and utilization domain (restaurant menu) in the realm of acceptance of technology in the consumer context.

Collagen is essential to a human being because it is an important source of amino acids. Lack of collagen may cause health problems such as decreased joint elasticity and aging. Collagen is in high demand, especially in food and beverages, cosmetics, and health industries. Nevertheless, the sources of collagens and gelatins are recently being questioned, particularly among Muslim users, on the status of halãlness. The study's objective is to derive the guiding principles from the Qur’ãnic and Prophetic points of view related to sources of collagen products. This study also aims to explore the tendency that consumers in Malaysia will choose halal collagen in their consumption and its determinants. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are adopted. Analytical, inductive, and deductive approaches are used under the qualitative method. Descriptive and logistic regression are used under the quantitative method in which data are collected from a survey. The study finds that any collagen products sourced from bovine bone, bovine hide, porcine skin, and non-slaughtered animals are non-halal. The sources obtained that might affect the ecosystem and environment are highly discouraged in Islam, and the use of recombinant collagen-like protein from selected bacteria is permissible as long as it complies with the related halal and health regulations imposed by the authorities. Empirically, the probability that consumers opt for halal collagen is significantly determined by gender, age, religion, education, and income level. The likelihood of consumers opting for halal collagen is higher among the elderly, females, Muslims, highly educated consumers, and middle-income consumers. The empirical results also reveal that consumers' tendency to choose halal collagen is significantly influenced by the idea that the collagen should support Maqasid Shariah and be approved by JAKIM.

The objective of this research is to know and analyze the deductive and inductive approaches in teaching grammar used by english teachers at SMPN 2 Kota Tangerang. The researchers used descriptive qualitative method. The data of this research were collected through the observation of teaching and learning activities in the classroom of four english teachers at SMPN 2 Kota Tangerang. The result of the research showed that the four english teachers used either deductive approach or inductive approach, it can be seen from the way they were teaching, they chose and used either deductive approach or inductive seen by the steps that implemented by the teacher in teaching grammar, the role of teacher and students in the teaching and learning activities. The three of four English teachers at SMPN 2 Kota Tangerang used or applied deductive approach in the classroom and one of them still used and applied inductive one. As for the used of an approach, the researchers got a result of the dominance approach used by the English teachers at SMPN 2 Kota Tangerang was deductive.

English tenses are one of the major problems for Indonesian learners in learning English. Therefore, an appropriate teaching strategy to help the learners in understanding those English tenses is urgently needed. For that reason, this article aims at introducing an innovative strategy for teaching English tenses for adult learners. This innovative strategy combines deductive and inductive approaches. It starts with deductive approach and then will be followed by inductive approach. The deductive approach is applied in order to make the learners remember the rules of English tenses, while the inductive approach is conducted to make the learners understand and able to use them communicatively.

Les hypothèses sous-tendant la pratique policière du Profiling criminel en France

Previous studies demonstrate sex bias in surgical research. Female participants and investigators are underrepresented in surgical scientific research. To describe the distribution of male and female authors in 5 general-interest surgery journals, assess the association of author gender with sex bias, and explore whether investigators benefit from performing sex-inclusion research. For this bibliometric analysis, data were abstracted from 1921 original, peer-reviewed articles published from January 1, 2011, through December 31, 2012, in Annals of Surgery, American Journal of Surgery, JAMA Surgery, The Journal of Surgical Research, and Surgery. Excluded articles pertained to a sex-specific disease or did not report the number of study participants. An additional 119 articles contained gender-ambiguous author names and were omitted. Data were analyzed from April to June 2017. Male and female first and senior authors, number of female and male participants in each study, surgical specialty, and number of citations received per article. Of the 3604 authors of 1802 articles included in this study, 2791 first and senior authors (77.4%) were male and 813 (22.6%) were female. The prevalence of male and female authors was consistent across all 5 journals and among clinical and basic science research. Articles by female authors included a higher median number of female study participants compared with their male counterparts (27.5 vs 16.0; P = .01), but sex matched the inclusion of participants less frequently (36% vs 45%; P = .001). No sex-based differences occurred between male and female authors in reporting, statistical analysis, and discussion of the data or in the number of citations received. Compared with studies that did not report, analyze, or discuss data by sex, studies that performed sex-specific data reporting yielded a mean of 2.8 more citations (95% CI, 1.2-4.4; P = .001); those that performed statistical analysis, a mean of 3.5 more citations (95% CI, 1.8-5.1; P = .001); and those that discussed the data, a mean of 2.6 more citations (95% CI, 0.7-4.5; P = .001). Articles with a higher percentage of sex matching of participants also received more citations, with an increase of 1 citation per 4.8% (95% CI, 2.0%-7.7%; P = .001) increase in percentage of sex matching. Sex bias in surgical research is prevalent among male and female authors; however, female authors included proportionally more female participants in their studies compared with male authors. Notably, studies that addressed sex bias were rewarded by the scientific community with increased citations of their published work.

When attending last year’s (2011) International Health Economics Association (iHEA) conference in Toronto, we were struck by the notion that almost all papers we listened to used a very similar quantitativemethodology, whereas qualitative methods barely seemed to play a role. This is unfortunate: (Health) economists could effectively integrate combinations of qualitative and quantitative methods into their research toolkit, without having to give up the formal modeling approach they are accustomed to. The population and institutions studied will rarely be identical with the population for which policy recommendations are derived, so that, to the extent that the two differ, the recommendations may only partially hold. However, acquiring knowledge about the compatibility of populations and institutions is a complex task, one that may require the type of data generated by qualitative research.