Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder where by glucose cannot effectively get transported out of the blood. It is a chronic disease with a high prevalence and growing concern in world wide. There are two Types of diabetes, which are Type I and Type II. A longitudinal data analysis retrospective based study was conducted between 1<sup>st</sup> September, 2012 to 30<sup>th</sup> August 2015 in Debre Berhan referral hospital. The main objective of the study was Gaussian longitudinal analysis of progression of Diabetes mellitus patients using fasting blood sugar level count following insulin, metformin and to identify factors predicting the progression of diabetic infection. A total of 248 Diabetes mellitus patients were included in the study whom 111 (44.8%) were females and the rest 137 (55.8%) were males. The generalized linear mixed model would be used to model the progression of diabetic infection. The appropriate variance covariance structure was Compound symmetry selected for this study. This study showed that age, sex, time, illiterate with time, primary with time, address with time, age with time and time with time were statistically significant factors for the progression of fasting blood sugar level at a logarithmic fasting sugar level over time in generalized linear mixed model. The mean fasting blood sugar level showed an increasing progress over time after patients were initiated on insulin and metformin. The statistical modelling approaches linear mixed model and generalized linear mixed model have been compared for the analysis of fasting data and we obtained generalized linear mixed model exhibited the best fit for this data with smaller disturbance than linear mixed model for their estimated standard error.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder where by glucose cannot effectively get transported out of the blood
Blood Glucose fasting blood sugar level of Diabetes mellitus patients enrolled in the case unit of 1st September, 2012- 30th August, 2015 G
From the final model results of generalized linear mixed model; age, sex, time by address and time by age interactions (p=0.0405, 0.024, 0.0188 and 0.0372 respectively) were significant independent variables for fasting glucose level count progression at 5%
Summary
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder where by glucose cannot effectively get transported out of the blood. Insulin is not produced either in adequate amounts or the body cannot effectively respond to insulin produced, chronically high blood glucose concentration can cause damage to capillaries, inhibiting the efficiency of blood circulation. This can lead to severe ailments such as kidney disease, limb amputations, glaucoma and bacterial infection [7]. Diabetes mellitus is a catabolic multisystem disease with both biochemical and anatomical consequences It is a chronic disease of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism caused by either absolute lack of insulin or insulin resistance or secretors defects. Diabetes mellitus may present with characteristic symptoms such as thirst, polyuria, blurring of vision and weight loss according to [1]
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