Abstract
The conducted research was done in Grda rasha field (Salahaddin University) for one month to compare the impacts of Alcea kurdica powder, Rifaxmine, and Ranitidine as anti-lesion and immune-strengthening agents on stress-induced quails which are affecting their growth rate and in severe cases causing gizzard erosion and deep intestinal lesions. To do that, 75 quails (12 weeks old) were grouped into six treatments with different additives. (T0-) = Negative control (Stress-induced Without treatment), (T0+) = Positive control (No stress inducing or treatment). T1= (treated with Rifaximine 200mg/L water mixed), T2= (treated with Ranitidine 200mg/L), T3= (treated with A.kurdica extract 100mg/L). The tested groups, except for positive control, were immersed in tap cold water (17°C) as a stress-induced technique. The Macroscopic analysis showed that quails pre-treated with A.kurdica extract (T3) had significantly (p<0.05) lower relative gizzard koilin layer disruption than those of T1, T2, and T0- groups, respectively. Moreover, the Elisa results indicated higher antibody titers against ND, IBD, and IB viruses for the T3 group with significantly increased HDL and lowered LDL, VLDL, and TCHO for T3 than that of T1, T2, T0+ T0- groups, respectively. Water mixed A.kurdica extract showed positive influences on the body weight, lipid profile, immune status and minimized gizzard erosions of breeding quails, which can be considered as a medicinal plant as well as a growth-enhancing agent in the poultry industry.
Highlights
Japanese quails are hardy birds that thrive very well in cages and are relatively inexpensive to maintain without stress but in comparison with other poultries gained less agricultural interest
On the 15th-day, the bodyweight of all treatments showed insignificant differences, but after the 30th day of treatments, significant reductions in body weight were seen in T0, T0+, T2, and T1 groups, respectively, but the T3 group showed no changes in the body weight
Our data is in accordance with 24, who proved undesired effects of these drugs as H2 receptor blocking agents causing reduction in stomach acid secretions and appetite loss leading to decrease in the body weight
Summary
Japanese quails are hardy birds that thrive very well in cages and are relatively inexpensive to maintain without stress but in comparison with other poultries gained less agricultural interest. Despite their economic importance in animal food resources as efficient egg laying and meat providence bird, Quails can be used in studies of developmental biology as they can be a convenient animal model 1. Quails immune system is degraded by numerous factors including mycotoxins called Aflatoxins 2 Another mycotoxin is called Type A-trichothecenes T-2 toxin causing gizzard lesions or erosion. The presence of biogenic amines and tannins in the breeder’s diet or breeder age is thought to be the causative factors 4. Other causes such as pathogenic diseases like Newcastle disease (ND), Infectious
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