Abstract
Effectively sharing channels among secondary users (SUs) is one of the greatest challenges in cognitive radio network (CRN). In the past, many studies have proposed channel selection schemes at the physical or the MAC layer that allow SUs swiftly respond to the spectrum states. However, they may not lead to enhance performance due to slow response of the transport layer flow control mechanism. This paper presents a cross-layer design framework called Transport Aware Channel Selection (TACS) scheme to optimize the transport throughput based on states, such as RTT and congestion window size, of TCP flow control mechanism. We formulate the TACS problem as two different game theoretic approaches: Selfish Spectrum Sharing Game (SSSG) and Cooperative Spectrum Sharing Game (CSSG) and present novel distributed heuristic algorithms to optimize TCP throughput. Computer simulations show that SSSG and CSSG could double the SUs throughput of current MAC-based scheme when primary users (PUs) use their channel infrequently, and with up to 12% to 100% throughput increase when PUs are more active. The simulation results also illustrated that CSSG performs up to 20% better than SSSG in terms of the throughput.
Highlights
As wireless technology advances, radio spectrum becomes a scarce and precious resource
This paper presents a transport aware channel selection (TACS) scheme for secondary users (SUs) to share the spectrum in a Cognitive Radio network (CRN)
In Selfish Spectrum Sharing Game (SSSG), each SU hops among channels to maximize its own transport throughput, while in Cooperative Spectrum Sharing Game (CSSG), SUs maximize the global utilization instead of only considering themselves
Summary
Radio spectrum becomes a scarce and precious resource. Many studies perform spectrum sharing by using power control game [10,11,12,13] or by taking statistical sensing approach by a MAC scheduler [9] These schemes have the merit of fast channel hopping in response to any changes in the spectrum state and may help SUs achieve a large bandwidth. The simulation results illustrate that both CSSG and SSSG double the transport throughput of current MAC-based channel selection scheme when PUs use their channels infrequently and achieve around 12% to 100% increases in the TCP throughput when PUs are active in a larger number of channels. The simulation indicates that the CSSG performs better than the SSSG most of the time (approximately 6% to 20% on the average), which confirms that selecting appropriate hopping channels can lead to a larger transport throughput.
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