Abstract
Legislative initiatives regarding universal accessibility promote the elimination of architectural barriers. This is a positive measure as it aims to ensure equal rights and opportunities for disabled people, in accordance with the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (United Nations, 2006). One of the challenges facing society today is the determination of reasonable accommodation, a concept that encompasses those necessary modifications and adjustments which do not impose a disproportionate burden. For this purpose, technical, economic and social aspects shall be taken into consideration, as required by legislation. This paper proposes reasonable accommodation in residential buildings, taking into account the different options for its attainment, by applying a multi-criteria analysis based on a wide range of objective indicators of three types: technical, social and economic. This proposal was one of the objectives of the R + D + i Project called “VIVable-From accessible housing to sustainable housing: The essence of reasonable accommodation”. From VIVable, the fuzzy multi-criteria assessment method for determining reasonable accommodation may be totally extrapolated to other uses. At the same time, the proposed method may also be extrapolated to other countries where basic requirements for universal accessibility in buildings and equal rights of persons with disabilities are standardized.
Highlights
The concept of reasonable accommodation in terms of universal accessibility arises initially within the field of work and with regards to the adaptation of the work place for a person with disabilities
In Spain, the concept of reasonable accommodation was regulated for the first time within the law Act on Equal Opportunities, Non-Discrimination and Universal Accessibility (Ley 51, 2003), which is currently regulated in the Consolidated Text of the General Law on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and their Social Inclusion (Real Decreto Legislativo 1, 2013)
After analyzing reasonable accommodation in these articles, in relation to universal accessibility, this concept is based on four elements that must always be taken into account: 1. The subject to whom it is addressed is the person with disabilities, in order to assure equal treatment with regards to the rest of the population, assuming the disadvantages related to their disabilities; 2
Summary
The concept of reasonable accommodation in terms of universal accessibility arises initially within the field of work and with regards to the adaptation of the work place for a person with disabilities. This proposal is based on a fuzzy multicriteria evaluation of technical, social and economic criteria (Delgado et al, 2016), using the Scoring method (Mardani, Jusoh, & Zavadskas, 2015) or linear weighting This investigation’s main goal is to propose a methodology - still today, non-existent- capable of determining reasonable accommodation in residential buildings. With regards to the project I + D + i VIVable, the chosen method was Scoring, given the fact that its implementation is carried out through an AppWeb prototype under an Accessibility System of Geographical Information called SIG-ACCE This way, the reasonable accommodation proposal is the result of the decision made by a qualified technician regarding a set of alternatives based on a broad set of criteria derived from the requirements of the Consolidated Text of the General Law on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and their Social Inclusion (Real Decreto Legislativo 1, 2013).
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