Abstract
Rapid urbanization, depleted resources, imbalance in urban hydrologic cycle, tremendous pressure on ecological functions, unhygienic and unhealthy environment is the scenario in almost all Indian cities. Water resources in the urban areas are fast depleting while the demand for the same is fast growing. Now more than ever before, water resources face threats from climate change, population growth, aging infrastructure, declining revenues, and a variety of other localized challenges. The challenge is to find ecologically sustainable, socially justified, economically viable, culturally transferable, and technological and managerial innovations which are appropriate to meet the needs of the future generations i.e. sustainable urban development. What is sustainable development? Detail study of sustainable development goals especially related to water, various recent trends of city development at major parts of world, from water perspective like Water-sensitive city, Water-wise city. Water-centric sustainable community can prove to be an ideal model of city development that will be truly sustainable with full focus on ecological balance so that social and economical sustainability also can be achieved.
Highlights
Cities have multiplied and expanded rapidly worldwide over the past two centuries
Out of total available water resources on Earth, 97.5% water is in oceans, 2.5% fresh water (1.5% water trapped in glaciers, 0.9 % ground water and 0.1% surface water) (6)
The urban ecoregion concept is depending upon sustainability of urban water cycle
Summary
Cities have multiplied and expanded rapidly worldwide over the past two centuries. Urban centers having world’s economic activities, utilizes maximum natural resources and generate most waste and pollution (1). Cities started as walled villages or settlements on the bank of rivers, streams. Life in the cities could not be sustained. Water provides for cleaning and hygiene, transportation, irrigation of crops and gardens, defense and transportation (2). What is the urban water scenario all over the world? In India almost all rivers flowing through the cities are getting polluted and converted to drainage carrying corridors i.e. nallahs (polluted water stream)
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