Abstract
Water pollution is a worldwide issue for the eco-environment and human society. Removal of various pollutants including heavy metals from the environment is a big challenge. Techniques of adsorption are usually simple and work effectively. In the current study, MWCNTs were prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of acetylene at 600 °C. Fe–Co/CaCO3 catalyst/support was prepared by wet impregnation method. The crystal size of the catalyst was identified using XRD. Acidified functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were produced from oxidation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes by mixture of H2O2 + HNO3 in a ratio of 1:3 (v/v) at 25 °C. The structure and purity of synthesized functionalized CNTs were examined by TEM, N2-BET method and thermogravimetric analysis. The functional groups produced at CNTs surface were investigated using FTIR spectroscopy. Acidified functionalized MWCNTs with a high surface area of 194 m2g−1 and porous structure (17.19 nm) were used for water treatment from harmful cations (Pb2+, Cu2+, Ni2+ and Cd2+), single cation solutions and quaternary solution at different pH values and different times. The results were interesting because in single solutions the catalyst removed Pb2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ with percentages of 93, 83, 78 and 15%, respectively, in 6 h. While in quaternary solution, adsorption was more complex and the order of the adsorbed metals was as following: Pb2+ (aq) > Cu2+(aq) > Cd2+ (aq) > Ni2+ (aq).
Highlights
Heavy metals are the most important pollutants in water due to their strong toxicity to plants, animals and human beings
Purification can be achieved in one step in which both metallic particles and catalyst support can be dissolved in H2O2 ? HNO3
The multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) was synthesized in a homogeneous form by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of acetylene on the catalyst surface at 600 °C with high density and high purity
Summary
Heavy metals are the most important pollutants in water due to their strong toxicity to plants, animals and human beings. Acetylene gas was allowed to pass over the catalyst bed with a rate of 10 ml/min for Scheme 1 The application of Fe–Co/CaCO3 nanoparticles to produce MWCNTs for removing heavy metals from wastewater In single metal ion experiments, 0.05 g of acidified functionalized MWCNTs was placed in 100 ml solutions of concentration 100 mg/l.
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