Fully Laparoscopic Pancreas-Preserving Resection of the Third and Fourth Portion of the Duodenum for Adenocarcinomas and Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Technical Report on a Case Series.

Abstract

Background: Infra-ampullary duodenal lesions are rare and surgical management is controversial. The commonly accepted treatment, which allows radical resection, is pancreaticoduodenectomy, but segmental duodenal resection has been considered as alternative. Aim of the study was to describe the effectiveness of minimally invasive resection of the third/fourth portion of the duodenum for both benign and malignant lesions, with pancreas preservation and reconstruction through end-to-side duodenojejunostomy. Methods: Data from patients undergoing elective laparoscopic curative duodenal resection with pancreas preservation between June 2005 and June 2019 were prospectively collected. Results: A total of 5 patients were identified (3M/2F), median age 73 years (range: 54-83). Lesions were all located in the third or fourth portion of the duodenum and were adenocarcinoma in 2 patients (pT2N0 and pT3N2, both 3 cm in diameter) and gastrointestinal stromal tumor in 3 patients (two pT1N0 and one pT2N0, low-risk according to Miettinen, of 3, 2, and 5 cm in diameter, respectively). The operations lasted a median of 225 minutes (range: 180-300). Digestive continuity was restored with fully laparoscopic side-to-side duodenojejunostomy in all cases. One patient developed pneumonia after surgery (20%) and required also postoperative blood transfusions. Reoperation and mortality rate was nil. Median postoperative stay was 11 days (range: 10-13). The median follow-up was 30 months. Conclusions: Fully laparoscopic pancreas-preserving duodenal resection with duodenojejunal reconstruction can be a safe and feasible option for both benign and malignant lesions of the third and fourth portion of the duodenum. It brings good oncological results, but it needs to be validated with larger number of patients.