Abstract
This study analysed fruits of cranberry cultivars: Ben Lear, Bergman, Early Richard, Pilgrim and Stevens and compared them with wild-grown cranberry fruits. The fruits were characterised in terms of dimensions, colour, content of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins, and hydroxyl radical and trypsin inhibition activities. It was shown that the wild-grown cranberry fruits were characterised by much smaller dimensions and redder colour than fruits of the cranberry cultivars. The most phenolic compounds were found in the Early Richard fruits (357.6 mg/100 g fw), and they showed the highest antitrypsin activity. The highest anthocyanin content (60.6 mg/100 g fw) was determined in the Pilgrim fruits, while the Ben Lear fruits were the richest source of proanthocyanidins (27.9 mg/100 g fw). The antioxidant activity was correlated with the content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins, while the antitrypsin activity was correlated with phenolic compounds and anthocyanin contents.
Highlights
American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon), known as large cranberry, belongs to the Ericaceae family [1]
The average diameter values ranged from 12.35 mm for fruits of the Ben Lear cultivar to 17.20 mm for the fruit of the Pilgrim cultivar
This study found large variation in the physical properties, content of phenolic compounds as well as antioxidant and antitrypsin activities of cranberry fruits
Summary
American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon), known as large cranberry, belongs to the Ericaceae family [1]. It is a perennial, evergreen, low-stemmed shrub. Due to the increasingly rare occurrence of cranberries in the natural state, both the breeding and the cultivation of this species were undertaken. The largest numbers of multi-fruit cranberry plantations are in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, with over 90% of cranberry being produced in the USA and Canada [3, 4]. Interest in large-fruited cranberry cultivation has increased in Poland.
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