Abstract
The three-dimensional wind field (WPR3D) and the multiple WPR3D (M-WPR3D) associated with the passage of a stationary front was derived from observations made by a network of eight wind profiler radars (WPR) being operated by the Korea Meteorological Administration during the summer “Jangma” season. The effectiveness of the WPR3D was determined through numerical model analysis and wind profilers at three sites, and the accuracy of the M-WPR3D was validated by comparing the trajectory of the radiosonde. The discontinuity of the wind field near the frontal interface was clearly retrieved and the penetration of the air mass in the southern front was detected. Compared with either the wind vector of three single wind profiler or a local data assimilation and predication system, the WPR3D wind field showed a wind speed accuracy of approximately 70% at an altitude of 1.5 km and underestimated the wind speed by 0.5–1.5 m s−1. The M-WPR3D with three S-band Doppler radars successfully retrieved the backing wind field as well as the pre-Jangma-frontal jet. The results of this study showed that severe weather can be effectively analyzed using a three-dimensional wind field generated on the basis of a remote sensing network.
Highlights
The monsoon flow that carries moist air from the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean to East Asia influences the climate of the Korean peninsula
Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) along the front cause heavy rainfall to occur for at least 100 km at the meso-β-scale [5]. This MCSs precipitation over the Korean peninsula is related to a northeastward low-level jet (LLJ) transporting warm and moist air from southern China and a southeastward-moving cold-core mid-tropospheric low [2]
During June 2013, as the force of the North Pacific high pressure expanded, the Jangma front formed over the northern part of the Korean peninsula (Figure 3)
Summary
The monsoon flow that carries moist air from the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean to East Asia influences the climate of the Korean peninsula. Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) along the front cause heavy rainfall to occur for at least 100 km at the meso-β-scale [5] This MCSs precipitation over the Korean peninsula is related to a northeastward low-level jet (LLJ) transporting warm and moist air from southern China and a southeastward-moving cold-core mid-tropospheric low [2]. Meso-β-scale convective cells are observed ahead of the front within the warm prefrontal sector known as the squall line [6]. These convective cells are developed when a strong northeastward LLJ intensifies and moisture becomes deeply advected into the sloping frontal zone [7]. CAPE gives information on the intensity of Atmosphere 2019, 10, 547; doi:10.3390/atmos10090547 www.mdpi.com/journal/atmosphere
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
