Abstract
Professionals throughout the world have been working to assess the interdisciplinary interaction and interdependence between health and wellbeing in a constantly changing environment. The One Health concept was developed to encourage sustainable collaborative partnerships and to promote optimal health for people, animals, plants, the environment, and the whole planet. The dissemination of scientific discoveries and policies, by working directly with diverse communities, has been one of the main goals for Global One Health. The One Health concept has also been referred or related to as “One Medicine, One Medicine-One Health, One World-One Health, EcoHealth,” and Planetary Health,” depending on each fundamental view and approach. In Latin America, despite the concept still being discussed among health professionals and educators, several One Health initiatives have been used daily for more than decades. One Health action has been applied especially in rural and underserved urban areas where low socioeconomic status, lack of health professionals, and scarcity of medical resources may require professionals to work together. Local communities from diverse social and economic statuses, including indigenous populations have been working with institutions and social organizations for many years, accomplishing results through grassroots movements. These “bottom-up” socio-community approaches have also been tools for the prevention and control of diseases, such practice has preceded the One Health concepts in Latin American countries. It is strongly believed that collaborative, multidisciplinary, political, and economic initiatives with prosocial focus may become investments toward obtaining significant results in the face of global, economic and health challenges; working for a healthier world with inclusivity, equity, and equality. In this study, it is briefly presented how the One Health approach has been initiated and developed in Latin America, highlighting the events and actions taken in Brazil, Chile, and Colombia.
Highlights
The One Health concept is not a new idea
There has been a great importance to interculturality in such a way as to know the roots of all Latin Americans and try to preserve them and keep them active over time, even more so to generate a new deal with the ecosystems as the native peoples did with respect, equality, passion, and wisdom
Emerging or neglected zoonotic diseases, such as hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, leptospirosis, trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and other species), brucellosis, hanseniasis, treponemas, and leishmaniasis arose when human beings have invaded forest region, increasing the contact between people wild animals who might act as pathogen reservoirs
Summary
The One Health concept is not a new idea. historically, there have been times when medical doctors and veterinarians have worked together [1], it may be much of a generalization to conceive that such collaboration was common in the past. Considering the growing interdependence between human beings and domestic or wild animals mainly due to food animal products and human-animal interactions, the medical and veterinary professions have been directed to work together within the collaboration scope toward wellbeing and global health [4] As a result, such an approach has encouraged studies to conduct sustainable partnerships between interrelated groups in different regions and continents to achieve optimal health for people, plants, animals, and the environment. This collaborative effort and holistic approach interactions for global One Health and environmental conservation have involved veterinarians, physicians, public health professionals, educators, anthropologists, environmentalists, and many other professions interconnected with communities. The PAHO has indicated a list of collaborating centers and best practices in One Health throughout the Americas, including the Collaborating Center on Environmental and Public Health at Fiocruz in Brazil, with best practices on leptospirosis and rabies approaches, and improvement surveillance on the triple-border area of Brazil-Argentina-Paraguay, and the Chilean Agency for safety and Food Quality (ACHIPIA) in Chile
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