From spent lithium-ion battery anode to sodium-ion battery anode: A study on a reverse upgrade path based on structural regeneration

Biomass derived carbon nanoparticle as anodes for high performance sodium and lithium ion batteries

Transition metal phosphides as battery electrode materials for energy storage have attracted tremendous attention owing to their high specific capacity and safety. However, challenges remain toward their ultimate applications in full potential, such as agglomeration of active materials during electrode fabrication and pulverization of electrode structure associated with volume changes during the long-term charge-discharge process. Here, for the first time, sandwich-like Ni2P nanoarray/nitrogen-doped graphene nanoarchitecture (Ni2P/NG/Ni2P) is designed as a novel battery anode for both sodium ion batteries (SIBs) and lithium ion batteries (LIBs). The as-prepared Ni2P/NG/Ni2P nanoarchitecture exhibits an excellent cycling stability with a high capacity retention of 188 mAh g−1 (57% of its initial capacity) at 0.5 A g−1 over 300 cycles as a SIB anode. Simultaneously, the synthesized nanoarchitecture delivers a capacity of 417 mA h g−1 at 0.3 A g−1 after 100 cycles when applied as anode for LIBs. The outstanding performance should be attributed to the highly conductive graphene intermediary that facilities the fast transport of electrons and the reinforced interaction between Ni2P and the nitrogen-doped graphene matrix that stabilizes the hybrid structure upon volume expansion during discharging. The excellent cycling stability, high capacity combined with the facile synthesis procedure position the sandwich-like Ni2P/NG/Ni2P nanoarchitecture a new kind of prospective anode material for SIBs and LIBs.

Electrochemical Performance of Electrospun carbon nanofibers as free-standing and binder-free anodes for Sodium-Ion and Lithium-Ion Batteries

High entropy anodes in batteries: From fundamentals to applications

One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of ZnS quantum dots/graphene hybrids as a dual anode for sodium ion and lithium ion batteries

Small anatase TiO2 nanoparticles grown on carbon nanocages as anodes for high performance sodium and lithium ion batteries

ABSTRACTSodium batteries are considered as the most promising candidates for next generation power source. Carbon materials are the most viable anode material for sodium ion batteries. However, graphic soft carbons, the most widely used anodes in lithium ion batteries due to its higher electronic conductivity and density, are fail to work in sodium ion batteries due to the larger Na+ radius. Here, in our reports, soft carbon fibers derived from industrialized wet spun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor are fabricated under different heat treatment temperature. When characterized as binder and conductive agent free anode for sodium ion batteries, the soft carbon fibers (1250°C) deliver an initial reversible capacity 190 mAh g−1 and a good capacity retention of 93% even after 100 cycles. The excellent electrochemical performance makes the soft carbon fibers promising choices as anodes for sodium ion batteries.

Biomass carbon micro/nano-structures derived from ramie fibers and corncobs as anode materials for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries

In this work, an Si/SiO2 -ordered-mesoporous carbon (Si/SiO2 -OMC) nanocomposite was initially fabricated through a magnesiothermic reduction strategy by using a two-dimensional bicontinuous mesochannel of SiO2 -OMC as a precursor, combined with an NaOH etching process, in which crystal Si/amorphous SiO2 nanoparticles were encapsulated into the OMC matrix. Not only can such unique porous crystal Si/amorphous SiO2 nanoparticles uniformly dispersed in the OMC matrix mitigate the volume change of active materials during the cycling process, but they can also improve electrical conductivity of Si/SiO2 and facilitate the Li+ /Na+ diffusion. When applied as an anode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the Si/SiO2 -OMC composite displayed superior reversible capacity (958 mA h g-1 at 0.2 A g-1 after 100 cycles) and good cycling life (retaining a capacity of 459 mA h g-1 at 2 A g-1 after 1000 cycles). For sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), the composite maintained a high capacity of 423 mA h g-1 after 100 cycles at 0.05 A g-1 and an extremely stable reversible capacity of 190 mA h g-1 was retained even after 500 cycles at 1 A g-1 . This performance is one of the best long-term cycling properties of Si-based SIB anode materials. The Si/SiO2 -OMC composites exhibited great potential as an alternative material for both lithium- and sodium-ion battery anodes.

Synthesis of MOF-derived nanostructures and their applications as anodes in lithium and sodium ion batteries

The increasing global population and, thus, energy demand have made research into renewable energy sources more critical. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have been recognized as the most promising technologies for storing energy and effectively addressing this demand. Carbonaceous materials are the most widespread anode material due to their fascinating features, such as high theoretical capacity, high electrical conductivity, and excellent structural stability. Additionally, these materials’ abundance, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness have emphasized the need for further investigation and development. Among these carbon-based materials, graphite (both artificial and natural) stands out as the most ubiquitous anode material due to its layered crystal structure, high mechanical strength, long cycle life, and excellent safety profile, making it ideal for intercalation with lithium and sodium. In recent years, extensive research has been conducted to enhance the efficiency of anodes and, ultimately, the overall performance of batteries. In this review, the role of carbonaceous materials in anodes for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries was comprehensively investigated, focusing on advancements in synthesizing and optimizing artificial graphite. Furthermore, the intercalation mechanism and the factors influencing the electrochemical properties of both LIBs and SIBs were extensively discussed. This work also provides a holistic perspective on the differences between these two types of batteries, highlighting their cost, safety applications, and future potential advancement.

We present results of centrifugally spun carbon fibers (CFs) made from aqueous Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) solution. In the production of these fibers, the centrifugal spinning technique was used due to its high production rate of fibers. Subsequent heat treatment was conducted using a novel three step process that resulted in reduced residual stresses in the fibers after the centrifugal spinning process and subsequent thermal treatment. Moreover, this process increases the fibers’ resistance to degradation during carbonization at higher temperatures. Electrochemical performance tests were conducted on Li-ion half cells using the CFs as binder-free anodes. The carbon-fiber anode delivered a discharge capacity of Capacities of 618.7, 222.7 and 214.5 mAh g-1 at the 1st, 50th, and 100th cycles at a current density of 100 mAg-1. This work provides a novel and feasible pathway for designing and developing carbon fibers from water soluble polymer solution for use as anodes in high-performance lithium ion and sodium-ion batteries.

Adsorption and diffusion of lithium and sodium on the silicon nanowire with substrate for energy storage application: A first principles study

This work presents a feasible route for the facile synthesis of three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical mesocarbon microbead (MCMB) as anodes for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium ion batteries (SIBs). The MCMB is oxidized by modified hummers method, and then the precursor is treated by hydrogen reduction to form the HMCMB. The HMCMB with graphene-like architecture has high specific surface, sufficient pore volume, and increased interlayer spacing, which can provide more active insertion/extraction sites and reduce the Li+/Na+ diffusion resistance. When employed as anode materials for LIBs and SIBs, HMCMB anodes exhibit improved lithium and sodium storage capability. The HMCMB delivers a higher reversible capacity (471.1 and 177.5 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 after 100 cycles) and a good rate performance (250 and 121 mAh g−1 even at 1000 mA g−1) for LIBs and SIBs, respectively.

In this work, we have synthesized the N-doped carbon submicron spheres containing Sn nanoparticles with homogeneous distribution (Sn/NC) and confirmed their electrochemical properties as anodes for lithium and sodium ion batteries. The poly(MAA/EGDMA)/polydopamine [pMEP] microspheres were used as a N-doped carbon source after heat treatment under N2 atmosphere. The size distribution of Sn nanoparticles embedded in N-doped carbon phase depends on the polydopamine providing the additional chelating sites for Sn precursors. Evenly dispersed Sn nanoparticles in the N-doped carbon sphere were characterized by high resolution transmittance microscopy and focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy. The doped nitrogen in the Sn/NC was analyzed by energy dispersive spectroscopy mapping, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. As anode materials of lithium and sodium ion batteries, Sn/NC electrodes exhibit high capacity and good cyclability.