From Promoting Harmony to Spreading Threats: the Languages of Digital Security of Indonesian Cyber Police to Create Political Stability

The transformation towards society 5.0 is often characterized by people's behavior in digital public spaces causing widespread public unrest. This qualitative study aims to highlight, explore, and analyze the social character of people on social media who are less tolerant and caring. This study relies on secondary data from literature studies and online news. The finding is that there is a phenomenon of weakness in the social character of individuals and communities who tend to be intolerant and uncaring in digital public spaces. The habit of posting content or creating statuses that are abusive, threatening, intimidating, and behavior that spreads hoax news, hate speech, and flexing. Weak social character has implications for people's habits of spreading news too quickly without caring about other people. Apart from that, the digital technology revolution brings a sense of comfort and entertainment, and anyone can express themselves on social media. Unfortunately, technological progress is not accompanied by the development of critical-analytical thinking skills. As a result, individual society behavior is too responsive-reactive in the digital space without thinking about the further impacts that might arise. This has had negative implications for social cohesion and relations and even legal issues. This study recommends strengthening social character with strategies for strengthening individual critical-analytical thinking abilities through education at school. It is hoped that individuals who have been coached, trained, and accustomed to being tolerant and caring at school can become citizens of society 5.0 who are wise in using social media. In this way, it is hoped that a high level of tolerant and socially caring character will be realized so that the ideals of a prosperous, civilized, and progressive society 5.0 will become a reality.

This study analyzes the communication behavior of social media users X in responding to a shooting case by a high-ranking Indonesian police official. This study was motivated by the high public response to the murder case of Brigadier Nofriansyah Yosua Hutabarat by Inspector General Ferdy Sambo, which triggered a crisis of trust in the National Police. With a qualitative approach and analysis methods of communication networks and content, data was collected from 18,000 tweets, which included original tweets, retweets, mentions, and comments from within and outside the country. The data is then analyzed using NVivo software for coding and classification. The results of the study show that social media X plays a role as a digital public space where netizens express emotions, form opinions, and create social pressure on state institutions. The structure of communication networks reveals the key actors that shape the public narrative. These findings confirm the importance of social media in the study of public communication and the crisis of institutional legitimacy.

Purpose: Modern digital public spaces are evolving from being mostly the provider of ICT and internet connection to institutions that provide complex range of services and support for the community. With this shift in their focus new challenges are emerging, among others their sustainability. Methodology/Approach: We build on and extend the methodology of Digital Cooperatives project. Within this project, survey on 59 digital public spaces from 12 EU countries was conducted. These digital public spaces were examined in 21 areas, some of them relating to their sustainability. We further analyse the sustainability issue of these digital public spaces. Findings: We identified three main issues affecting sustainability of digital public spaces – budgeting, services and community. Digital public spaces mostly rely on public funding and have limited diversification of their funds, which increases a risk when one source of funding drops out. They also have to build a strong community of users, supporters, which will make use of their capacities and helps co-create new services and thus strengthen and improve the community itself. Originality/Value of paper: Research in this paper is based on the collection of best practices from various EU countries in the field of digital public spaces. Recommendations based on these practices could help the creation of new, and in current digital public spaces.

This paper assesses the notion of ‘digital public spaces’ and grasps it as a discursive conglomerate which combines multiple ideology-laden concepts: the ‘public sphere’ as an ‘open’ and ‘democratic’ space (as opposed to closed private ‘bubbles’), and ‘digital communication’, which is often strictly divided from the non-digital and perceived as either a threat or the great promise of social assemblage. From the perspective of metapragmatic sociolinguistics and the sociology of knowledge, we follow discursive traces of the ‘the public sphere’ and its suturing with ‘digital communication’ within and outside of our own fields in order to show how the conceptual conglomerate ‘digital public spaces’ is bound to evaluations, expectations and projections which need more critical reflection in media studies in order to escape ideological short circuits and simplifications that haunt the field. On the other hand, we argue that the notion of ‘digital publics spaces’ serves important discursive functions in the lifeworlds of media users, as it fuels into contingency-reducing ideological complexes: ideologies of communication (Kommunikationsideologien) which guide social actors’ interaction, and related ideologies of communification (Vergemeinschaftungsideologien) which guide them in the ways they socially align with each others.

In Bangladeshi student politics, political performances in public spaces play an essential role in establishing patronage relationships and determining local authority structures. As Thomas Blom Hansen has famously argued, “visibility means everything” in such a context. With the emergence of social networking sites like Facebook, new digital public spaces have appeared. Focusing on ruling-party student activists at Rajshahi University, this article examines how student politicians in Bangladesh utilize Facebook to become visible in their everyday politicking. It shows how longstanding performative repertoires in the nondigital public space have gained a new salience through performances in the digital public space. It is those digital spaces that allow the performer to rearticulate even mundane everyday events as political performances. As these new digital public spaces impact the politics of visibility, it is crucial to integrate them in our efforts to understand local politics in South Asia and beyond.

This research aims to provide conclusive results regarding interaction and discussion, use, and exploitation of social media in the context of general elections in the digital public space. This research involves analyzing all messages published by presidential candidates via social media during the general election campaign. Every day during the campaign, a presidential candidate published a tweet, thereby collecting data. The research results revealed that the general public's ability to participate in substantive political conversations related to the presidential election remains incomplete. The achievement of equality among participants in digital public spaces remains incomplete. Candidates focus more on their political messages and interactions with the media and their own political platforms rather than interacting equally with other users. The role of participants in digital public spaces is very relevant. Although the Internet provides a wealth of information, users tend to be disseminators rather than conducting in-depth analysis. This can hinder the formation of independent opinions and meaningful participation in political discussions. In this context, commercialization and excessive information on the internet can be detrimental to the process of creating a healthy public space. However, in reality, the internet has not been able to effectively overcome complex political challenges. In this context, it is important to develop a more critical understanding of the role of the internet in shaping the digital public sphere. This requires awareness of the challenges and complexities involved, as well as efforts to promote more active and educated participation in the digital public sphere.

This research discusses the hate speech delivered by the chairman of BEM UGM against President Joko Widodo, uploaded on social media. This research uses a forensic linguistic approach to examine the forms of hate speech by the BEM UGM chairman against President Joko Widodo. The urgency lies in understanding the impact of hate speech on social media to prevent conflicts and law violations. This research used a descriptive qualitative method with a data collection technique through the Listening-Taking Note method. Data were obtained from video transcriptions and social media posts containing the statement of the Chairman of BEM UGM. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by classifying it based on five forms of hate speech. The results show that there are five forms of hate speech delivered by the Chairman of BEM UGM against President Joko Widodo: (1) hate speech in the form of insults, such as calling the President a ‘Javanese Machiavelli’ and using derogatory words; (2) hate speech in the form of defamation, such as accusations of being a ‘ruler who destroys the democratic system’; (3) hate speech in the form of provocation, such as calls to fight the government; (4) hate speech in the form of spreading false news, such as the issue of a three-term presidency and accusations of nepotism; and (5) hate speech in the form of unpleasant actions, such as the installation of billboards calling the President ‘the most embarrassing UGM alumni’. The findings also show that these hate speeches are often not supported by factual evidence, so they are assumptions and slander. Thus, this research illustrates the importance of awareness in using social media wisely so as not to violate legal norms and communication ethics.

A parliamentarian's posts on social media will affect the public's perception of a politician's performance.This research analyses the strategic framing mechanisms employed by the @dpr_ri social media team to gauge that effect.The researcher used a descriptive-qualitative method with interviews with parliamentary social media editors @dpr_ri such as copy writing, editorials, editor-in-chief of social media and reporters who are in charge of creating framing in the digital public space. Researchers looked at how Parliament's social media editors created framing for followers through Instagram content. The manager of the Parliament's social media account has tried to increase public trust in parliamentary experts on the @dpr_ri Instagram account through the Indonesian parliament towards the Palestinian issue. The results of the interview with the editor of the parliamentary media explained that Fadlizon's statement as a parliamentary expert on the Palestinian issue at the International "Plenary Meeting" forums uploaded on social media succeeded in creating a public framing that the government is serious about providing support for the Palestinian independence. Four respondents from the Parliament social media editorial succeeded in creating public framing through social media content so that it had an impact and increased public trust in the Indonesian Parliament. As a people's representative, his words uploaded on people-oriented social media can help increase public trust in the Indonesian Parliament. Keywords: Parliamentary expert, public communication, political content, social media framing, development communication.

Digital public space is a communication space formed by internet-based information media, such as social media, blogs, forums, and so on. Digital public space has the potential to become a space for democratization, participation and public deliberation, which can improve the quality of democracy and social welfare. However, the digital public sphere also faces challenges and threats from speed politics, namely communication practices dominated by the logic of speed, efficiency and competition, which can reduce the quality and depth of public discourse. The politics of speed can lead to the collapse of the digital public sphere, which is characterized by phenomena such as polarization, disinformation, populism, trolling, hate speech, and so on. This article aims to conduct a critical analysis of the politics of speed in the information media space, using the theoretical framework of Paul Virilio, Jürgen Habermas, and Manuel Castells. This article also provides several recommendations for overcoming the negative impacts of speed politics, such as increasing media literacy, strengthening regulations, and building inclusive and deliberative online communities.

This The crisis of communication ethics in social media is a complex and systemic contemporary phenomenon, triggered by weak digital literacy, neglect of netiquette, and the dominance of digital platform algorithms. This article analyzes in a multidisciplinary manner how digital structure, virality culture, and lack of regulation contribute to the rise of hate speech, the spread of hoaxes, and aggressive communication behavior in the digital public space. Through a qualitative approach and observation of the platforms TikTok, Instagram, and X (Twitter), this study found that destructive communication behaviors do not stand alone, but rather reinforce each other in a permissive digital ecosystem. The algorithm amplifies extreme content for the sake of emotional engagement, while users are accustomed to social validation that encourages expression, without reflection. Weak regulations and low digital ethics education have also exacerbated this condition. Therefore, this article recommends integrative strategies in the form of algorithmic resistance, regulatory reform, and strengthening digital ethical literacy based on collaboration between governments, platforms, academics, and civil society. With this holistic approach, it is hoped that the digital space can become more ethical, inclusive, and responsible as a representation of modern communication civilization.

Beauty standards for women in Indonesia continue to be shaped by skin color hierarchies that position fair skin as an ideal symbol of attractiveness, modernity, and social value. These standards are not merely the result of individual aesthetic preferences, but are deeply rooted in colonial legacies, social class stratification, and patriarchal culture that are continuously reproduced through mass media and digital platforms. This condition is clearly reflected in the practice of colorism within digital spaces, particularly on social media. One prominent example is the case of TikTok influencer Ratu Namira, who became the target of derogatory public comments focusing on her skin tone rather than the quality or substance of her content. This study aims to analyze how skin color discrimination against women is constructed,Volume 5 No. 1 Januari 2026https://jurnal.untag-sby.ac.id/index.php/sintesaE – ISSN 2986-3759JURNAL ILMIAH KAJIAN KOMUNIKASI175normalized, and intensified in digital public spaces through an intersectional perspective. This research employs a qualitative approach using digital discourse analysis and visual analysis of public commentsrepresentations of women’s bodies on TikTok. The analytical framework is grounded in third-wave feminism, the concept of the male gaze, and algorithmic bias theory in order to examine the intersections of gender, skin color, social class, and digital technology. The findings reveal that the harassment directed at Ratu Namira cannot be understood as neutral aesthetic judgment, but rather as a form of symbolic violence reflecting the convergence of colonial history, patriarchal norms, and class-based hierarchies. Furthermore, TikTok’s algorithm plays a significant role in amplifying discriminatory discourse by prioritizing content and comments that generate high levels of engagement. Consequently, colorism against dark-skinned women on social media constitutes a form of structural discrimination that operates simultaneously across social, cultural, and digital domains, shaping women’s representation, lived experiences, and social positioning within online spaces.Keywords: Colorism, Beauty Standards, Intersectionality, Women, TikTok

Post public sphere is a conceptual term which derived from the author to describe the emergence of new public spaces called virtual or digital public spaces. The virtual public space appears together with advances of information technology, which not only transforms the communication space of society, but also disrupts communication patterns that take place in the real world into the virtual world. This is a digital era which marked by disruption in various fields of life, in social, cultural, and economic and political life. One of the symptoms that arise is the disruption of public space from the real world to the virtual or digital space. Virtual space becomes a medium where each individual communicates without being limited by space and time. The post-public sphere refers to the phenomenon of change (disruption) in the public space that has led demos to enter a new communication arena that is different and does not even relate to the old public space. The new communication arena operates in a virtual (digital) world that is radiated by social media such as Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, including the massive media currently being is the YouTube media. Thus, the presence of various kinds of social media also provides preference for communication spaces for individual citizens to access and disseminate information independently. In the sense of an individualized information on each subject of citizenship.

The study aims to understand the role of social media in enhancing personal branding of the President of the Republic of Indonesia, Joko Widodo, in order to influence Indonesian young adult citizens on their brand attitude towards President Joko Widodo for the next presidential election. Social media has a vital role in developing and maintaining personal political brand considering the significant number of active social media users in Indonesia. As the president of Indonesia, Jokowi is well known to have high brand awareness and brand equity. Prior to being elected as the president of Indonesia, Jokowi was an eminent media darling with solid personal brand via numerous publicity and positive news in almost all forms of mass media, including newspaper and television. The significant increase of followers in each month and frequent posts on his social media lately are worth observed and researched, whether or not it derives from the influence of President Joko Widodo’s personal branding perception. Based on the introduction, the main question in the study is “how does social media influence Indonesian young adult’s perception on President Joko Widodo’s Personal Brand?”

Today, advances in information and communication technology are rapidly showing that technology can make sustainable change for society and create diversity in the media. This is evidenced by changes in the availability of media that are historically scarce and limited access to the availability of outlets or media that are abundant. New media options are offered to audiences to channel their emotions. Citizen journalism, which is never as difficult as in the digital era, has become more diverse in terms of expression from citizens, such as the presence of hate speech. This term is being channeled through social media into the digital public space by people. So, enliven the digital public space before the information is inevitably disrupted. The current situation is changing from public satisfaction to group or individual satisfaction from joint hearings. Researchers see this empirical phenomenon as very important to study. Its purpose is to reveal how hatred is expressed in the digital age. The aim of this research is to express hatred in social media. This research shows that social media, a global public space, has been used by people to communicate their thoughts in several attempts. There is a community journalism philosophy, and there are common reasons for voicing hatred.Keywords: hoax; public sphere; digital; social media

Increasing attention has been placed to the societal downsides of social media, and appropriately so. Less attention has been paid to the qualities to which social media should aspire. We contend that this is critically important. Not only must social media, and social media scholars, identify and reduce negative outcomes, but we must also critically engage with what is desirable. The purpose of this theoretical essay is to propose a normative framework for digital public spaces. We lay out four categories, and 14 sub-categories, of normative ideals to which social media could aspire. It is our hope that chronicling these qualities will allow scholars to more critically reflect on their normative assumptions when they research social media and will encourage practitioners to think about how social media could be built with these ideals in mind.