Abstract
Extensive research has been done on Latin American populism and still there is much controversy surrounding it. This chapter sketches 10 key components necessary for a better understanding of present and past populist politicians and movements in Latin America and their challenge to the liberal meanings of citizenship. It highlights the fact that populist efforts to include previously excluded groups in the economic sphere are noticeable in the area of consumption in general and food consumption in particular. As Eduardo Elena has shown for the Argentine case and Spanakos for the Venezuelan case, both Peron’s and Chavez's policies of economic distribution have encouraged consumption, and being able to consume has become a fundamental component of people’s identity as citizens. Peron's nationalization of railways in mid-1940s Argentina and Chavez’s petroleum and steel policies can be seen as part of their efforts to establish sovereignty over country’s major natural resources and industries. Keywords:Argentina; citizenship; Hugo Chavez; Juan Peron; Latin America; populism; Venezuela
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