From investment to impact: Exploring socio-economic prospect of hydrogen investment in Tees Valley, UK

Projected finding & development costs and netbacks, when used as investment decision criteria in conjunction with the capital productivity index, are useful for selecting an optimal corporate investment portfolio. The capital productivity index is an excellent measure for ranking investments and for optimizing the use of capital resources. Projected finding & development costs and netbacks measure the potential competitive advantage created by an investment, and the message that will be communicated to investors regarding an oil & natural gas corporation ‘ s competitiveness. These criteria should be used with caution when used to compare investment prospects across different fiscal regimes. Governments collect their take through a variety of royalty, production sharing, and general corporate tax provisions, often in differing amounts and proportions. As a result, the implications of some of the terms inherent in the definitions could be different. A useful graphical strategic planning tool can be developed by plotting calculated capital productivity indices against varying projected finding & development costs and operating costs. The tool is useful for comparing different fiscal regimes in which a company is considering operating and for screening alternative investment prospects.

Abstract: This paper examines the trend, constraints, promotion, and prospects of investment – domestic investment, foreign direct investment, and private portfolio investment – in Africa. After identifying the importance of investment in Africa's economic development, it was shown that all forms of investment are low in Africa and hence inadequate for the attainment of the MDGs and poverty reduction in the continent. The constraining factors include: low resources mobilization; high degree of uncertainty; poor governance, corruption, and low human capital development; unfavorable regulatory environment and poor infrastructure, small individual country sizes; high dependence on primary commodities exports and increased competition; poor image abroad; shortage of foreign exchange and the burden of huge domestic and external debt; and undeveloped capital markets, their high volatility, and home bias by foreign investors. The paper recommends that successful promotion of both domestic, foreign direct and portfolio investment in Africa will require actions and measures at the national, regional, and international levels. It concludes that the prospects are bright. New and attractive investment opportunities are emerging in infrastructure, particularly as most African countries now encourage public/private partnerships for investments in this sector. In addition to privatization, renewed interest within Africa in undertaking regionally based projects and joint exploitation of natural resources is creating other investment opportunities. Apart from the fact that investment in Africa yields the highest returns, investment risk in the continent is declining. In addition, much progress has been made in recent years to improve the investment climate in Africa. All this is of course is not to deny that obstacles do remain hence economic reforms to enhance domestic investment would need to be complemented by measures to attract increased foreign capital. Critical in such endeavors must be efforts to improve governance in some countries as well as to eliminate socio-political violence in others and development of domestic capital markets, while government institutions must be modernized and upgraded.

The article discusses the prospects for investment in free economic zones (FEZ) on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Correlation analysis of the influence of the volume of investments on the main macroeconomic indicators is made. The theoretical and practical aspects of the functioning of the SEZ are considered. The author's conclusions and proposals are made to improve the investment potential of the region and ensure the stable functioning of the FEZ. SUMMARY The article discusses the prospects for investment in free economic zones (FEZ) on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The correlation analysis of the impact of investment volume on the main macroeconomic indicators is made. Theoretical and practical aspects of FEZ functioning are considered. Therefore, when talking about the impact of investment on the state of Navoi's GDP, it is logical to consider the entire amount of investment, and not just the volume of foreign direct investment. Significant impact on GDP growth. When studying the relationship between the value of Navoi's GDP and the amount of investment in Navoi FEZ, a coefficient of 0.95609 was obtained, which also reflects a strong positive relationship between the indicators — the growth of foreign investment in Navoi FEZ increases Navoi's GDP. In other words, the correlation matrix shows that Navoi's GDP growth is directly related to two factors in the table. The criterion of correlation: -1≤r≤1. The author's conclusions and suggestions for improving the investment potential of the region and ensuring the stable functioning of the FEZ are made. Free economic zones operating on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan have a great impact on the development of our national economy. Thus, the calculations made clearly prove the significant role of investment in FEZ for the economy of Uzbekistan. The most important problem in attracting and effectively using foreign investment resources in FEZs is not just increasing their volume, but purposeful management of their structure, the ratio of direct, portfolio and other investments. In long-term regional targeted programs to attract and use foreign investment in the country, it is necessary first of all to identify priority industries and justify their equipping with foreign technologies and equipment. At the same time, attracting foreign investment in the economy of our country means not only the implementation of new promising projects in cooperation with foreign partners, but also the introduction of new modern equipment, equipment and technologies, know-how, competitive quality of products aimed at mining.

In recent years, the emergence of a large number of venture firms has brought great profits to venture capital firms. However, it is not easy to identify venture firms with investment prospects. Therefore, based on frequent item sets, this paper mainly mines the enterprise text information to identify the venture enterprises with investment prospects. Firstly, we use TF-IDF algorithm to extract keywords from enterprise text; Secondly, the word2VEC model is used to vectorize the text keywords, and cosine similarity is calculated with the word vectors in the keyword database; Finally, we use the Apriori algorithm to find frequent item sets and generate association rules, complete vector weighting calculation of combination keywords, and finally retain the first three words or phrases with the highest weight as the identification keywords of the enterprise, thus determining whether the enterprise is a risk company with potential investment prospects. Experimental results show that the proposed method is effective.KeywordsDiscovery frequency termTF-IDFWord2vecCosine similarityVenture firms identification

Ethiopia is in the midst of a sustained growth surge that is becoming increasingly broad-based, building on major improvements in educational attainment, improved health outcomes, and infrastructure capacity in terms of access to power, transportation and telecommunications. The Government’s Growth and Transformation Plan sets ambitious targets for further improvements in these areas, together with significant reforms aiming to improve trade logistics, including through the roll-out of the authorized economic operator program across the growing number of export-oriented industry parks and a major improvement in the main export corridor to Djibouti. This industrialization push is taking place at a time when global trends are coming together to provide Ethiopia an opportunity to integrate its economy into the modern “Made in the World” system of production, including by attracting some of the labor-intensive production that is currently migrating out of China and other East Asian economies as wage rates rise in those regions. This paper considers Ethiopia’s prospects to succeed in this endeavor. It provides a brief overview of Ethiopia’s investment prospects at the macroeconomic level, including a macro scan of overall economic management and performance indicators and a horizontal scan of the framework for investment. It then summarizes the investment prospects in several major sectors of the economy in light of Ethiopia’s emerging capacities and the global developments: agriculture, mining, oil & gas, economic infrastructure, manufacturing, and selected services, including health and tourism.

BIPV is a technology that integrates solar power (photovoltaic) products into buildings. Because of its advantages of environmental protection, high efficiency and economy, it is one of the key measures to solve the problem of energy consumption in buildings in the future and has a broad market and investment prospect. This paper uses a combination of moving average, trend equation fitting method, Pearson correlation coefficient, Lyapunov exponent, and data processing software such as Matlab and Python to make the BIPV sector based on the stock data of 36 BIPV-related companies in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets moving average and SSE index trend chart from April 1, 2019, to May 28, 2021, and analyze the correlation between the SSE index and the sector index to predict the future development trend of the BIPV sector. The article also assesses the investment risks of 36 individual stocks. Finally, recommendations are given to investors based on investment prospects and investment risks.

The stock market has been in unpredictable, in view of the stock market dynamic forecast and investment prospect value quantitative problem, this paper plans to forward segment regression method, with one year for experimental period, quarter as the time window, dynamically select the window period investment prospect attribute factor, forecast the investment prospect of the next quarter, and through the entropy right Topsis method sorting quantitative investment prospect value, rating the stock.The rating is divided into 5 grades and 13 levels, and then the investment portfolio is constructed according to the rating level and the asset quality indicators are selected to test. The results show that the dynamic investment rating method based on the prospect attribute factor has a certain investment rating prediction role in the short term, and plays a certain reference role for investors' decision-making.

This study aimed to obtain a more specific and comprehensive explanation of fundamental analysis based on the EPS to DPR ratio in order to determine the prospects for stock investment in retail sub-sector companies. It was expected that readers or investors would gain knowledge and comprehension from the results of this study in order to facilitate their ability to analyze stocks using fundamental analysis in the form of EPS ratio and DPR. The methods used in this study were literature study and observation. Moreover, the data analysis techniques used were in the form of quantitative descriptive analysis and simple linear regression analysis. Furthermore, the financial reports of the stock issuers of MIDI, AMRT, RALS, MYOR, ACES, and CSAP for the 2016–2021 data period were the secondary data sources in this study. The results of this study demonstrated a positive and significant relationship between the impact of variable X (EPS) and variable Y (DPR). Moreover, these results suggested that the EPS and DPR values are strongly associated with determining the future prospects for stock investment in the retail sector. In addition, as a result of the EPS value increase, the DPR value will also experience a significant increase, thereby increasing stock prices and indicating good prospects for growth in stock investment. Therefore, this study may be used as a suggestion for BNI Sekuritas Yogyakarta to encourage customers or investors to invest in stocks in the retail sector, especially MIDI, AMRT, RALS, MYOR, ACES, and CSAP stocks

Previous research has shown that when young women have diminished prospects of paternal investment in their children, they are more likely to reproduce as teens. This study investigated whether high rates of nonmarital births for 85 countries would be predicted by diminished prospects of paternal investment as measured by high male unemployment, low wealth (gross national product [GNP]), low sex ratios, and high teen birth rates. It was predicted that single parenthood would increase with female literacy, used as an index of career orientation. In correlational and regression analyses, single parenthood rates generally declined as paternal investment increased. Single parenthood increased with female literacy in the regression analysis, possibly because the greater economic power of women in developed countries makes them less reliant on economic support from husbands. Single childbearing can thus be seen either as a response to diminished prospects of or diminished reliance on paternal investment.

Most African states have regained their independence from the colonial powers. Furthermore, Africa has made strides towards achieving sustainable economic development and relations. However, it has yet to benefit from international and intra-African investment agreements. African states are still developing, even though they all develop at different speeds. In this respect, African countries have been endeavouring to regain control of their natural resources and economic space from transnational interests. The question that begs for an answer is: What stands in Africa’s way of achieving sustainable economic development and relations? The article interrogates the challenges, pitfalls and prospects of intra-African investment concerning achieving economic freedom and sustainable relations. In the same breath, it provides suggestions on how to overcome these challenges. In this regard, the article will suggest ways to strengthen the sustainability dimension of international investment agreements, how to preserve appropriate regulatory space for host countries, how to deal with the complexity of a fragmented treaty regime characterised by overlaps and incoherence, and how to infuse the unique challenges Africa faces.

The globalisation wave gave rise to a number of regional arrangements. The thought of economic regionalism expanded the prominence in international trade as well as regional diplomacy. In present world, no nations survive into economic isolation. So, Trade liberalisation alone is notadequate condition for nations to turn either single or multiple “Regional Integration Arrangements” (RIA). Within such arrangements. Desire is to assist neighbouring states for mutually beneficial purposes, as well as to take anticipatory action against the spill over of unrest and mass economic migration. The fascinating logic of regional groupings in Asia, coupled with the obvious failure of SAARC and the near incapacitating East Asian crisis of 1997, jointly contributed to the creation of BIMSTEC. The BIMSTEC (Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation) grouping, brainchild of Thailand, is a unique initiative in sub regional economic cooperation. It has the distinction of combining five geographically contiguous countries of SAARC with two of ASEAN, thus creating a vast scope for regional development. BIMSTEC is a relatively young organization among the various regional and sub-regional grouping in Asia. This paper investigate growth of Intra-regional trade and investment among India and BIMSTEC nations and their prospects and challenges. Time series data has been used to calculate intra-regional trade with Intra Industry Trade (IIT) index and econometric model i.e. ARIMA (Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average) has been used for analysing prospects of trade and investment. The group demonstrate that there is momentous progress to expand the intra-bloc trade and investment with preferential liberalisation within the regional arrangement.

This article models the long-term prospects of foreign direct investment in the Baltic Sea Region. After the turbulences of the crisis years and an idiosyncratic decline in 2012, these flows are expected to recover in 2013–2017, although at a slow speed. Going beyond the values forecast by the model, we can also expect a relatively slow but steady growth in the late 2010s. However, modeling and forecasting cannot fully take into consideration one-off shocks, which are still not excluded given the vulnerabilities of the world economy. The main reason for limited potential growth of foreign direct investment and its vulnerability is the relative openness of the Baltic Sea Region to external shocks. However, on balance, the growth of foreign direct investment in the region can be still faster than in other parts of the world, thanks to the solid macroeconomic bases of the region's economies.

Countries of the world require financial capital for economic growth and development. It lubricates the wheels of the economy for development. The developed countries of the world held on to continuous capital investments in the economy and these resulted in rapid economic growth. The case of most developing countries is different. They do not have sufficient capital to be invested in their economy; therefore, they need to depend on the external hands of the developed countries. The research question is, What is the prospect and bane of foreign direct investment on the economy? The theoretical framework of dependency theory is used to analyse the prospect and bane of foreign direct investment. The methodology adopted utilises data from the World Bank, which is analysed using descriptive techniques. The chapter concludes that over dependent on the foreign direct investment will make the recipient countries as an extension of the donor countries.

Development problems of international tourism and hospitality, associated with unstable foreign economic relations and international payments, lack of a stable insurance system and other socio-economic problems, including terrorism and uncontrolled migration, make it difficult to attract investment in this sector of economy. The example of Asian newly industrialized countries, which demonstrate comprehensive, steady and very rapid development, proves viability of this economic model and prospects for investment in tourism and hospitality. The huge and growing market, developing infrastructure, sophisticated financial sector, flexible regulatory environment, benefits, sustainability of state system and good economic prospects make India attractive for investments. Thus, in India the following opportunities for foreign investors to contribute in Indian tourism and hospitality were formed: government initiatives in various segments of tourism, significant relations of tourism with other important sectors of economy (construction, industry, transport, in gardening, agriculture, etc.), growing middle class and the availability of natural resources, democratic visa rules and social freedom, presence of well-known foreign corporations, the growth of average annual income of the hotel segment of "5 stars" and others. Further study of this subject can be continued in the development of investment risk insurance mechanisms to promote foreign direct investment into developing countries to support economic growth, poverty reduction and improvement of people´s lives. The options for improving investment risk insurance may include not only financial risks insurance, but also insurance of political (by state guarantees) or certain non-commercial risks for investment in developing countries, as well as the provision of services for the settlement of disputes between the public and private entities to guarantee the investment of capital.

Purpose: The purpose of the chapter is to investigate the e-commerce development process taking into account its determining factors, including the spread of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, and possible consequences.Design/Methodology/Approach: The authors explore statistical data from leading research companies in order to examine not only their results but also the methodological base, new research tools that allow conducting researches taking into account the specifics of e-commerce as a relatively new economic phenomenon.Findings: It is shown that e-commerce growth is obtained by the large-scale permanent involvement of new consumers and widening the range of product categories they buy. The e-commerce transactions increase is going to surpass the traditional retail growth not only during the crisis period but also after the pandemic is over. E-commerce will stay a key growth opportunity for manufacturers and retailers, underscoring the need to study the features of its development, identify which countries and industries are best positioned to retain the e-commerce surge, plan and implement omnichannel strategies.Originality/Value: The article combines the results of the latest research and allows to get an understanding of the e-commerce development as part of the new economy and form an opinion about the significance of this phenomenon, the prospects for investment in e-commerce assets, the development of omnichannel strategies.KeywordsEconomic developmentEconomic integrationE-commerceAnalyticsEconomic forecastJEL CodeF63O11O33R58