From editors

What makes for good mental health care? What are the barriers to good care and, when they can be overcome, what accounts for successful treatment? What does successful treatment and care, in fact, mean? Can they mean different things to different people? If so, how can we think about them in a practical way that is useful to patients, families, and clinicians? On the one hand, from work infields as various as neuroscience, clinical psychology, and anthropology, we are learning (and rediscovering) more and more about how the human mind works and the many ways that psychological suffering can be preempted and treated. On the other hand, in many ways, the mental health care system is either dysfunctional or working against what we know to be best for psychological and social flourishing-the disappearance, for example, of true “care” from medical and mental health care systems. In this essay, set against the background of diverse perspectives provided by the foregoing essays in this volume, we attempt to frame and address some of these basic questions, giving priority to practical, down-to-earth, lay, and professional considerations.

We predict that the audit-effectiveness benefits of richer visualization depend on how auditors categorize the procedures used to generate visualized evidence. We experimentally test our prediction using analytical procedures, which can be categorized either as risk assessment or substantive procedures under certain conditions. As predicted, audit-senior participants more frequently identify more richly visualized outliers as high risk, but only when these visuals arise from risk assessment procedures rather than substantive procedures. Richer visuals also increase the comprehensiveness of auditors’ prescribed follow-up tests, again only when risk assessment procedures generate these visuals. Post-experimental responses corroborate our theory: Auditors view evidence as more persuasive and sufficient when categorized as substantive procedures rather than as risk assessment procedures, in which case they view evidence as more preliminary. We conclude that whether and the degree to which richer data visuals improve audit effectiveness depends on how audit procedures generating these visuals are categorized.

Contemporary psychiatry has become increasingly focused on biological treatments.Many critics claim that the current paradigm of psychiatry has failed to addressthe escalating mental health-care needs of our communities and may even becontributing to psychopathology and the burden of mental illness. This articledescribes the foundations of Integral Theory and proposes that this model offersa framework for developing integral psychiatry and a more effective andcompassionate mental health-care system. An integral model of psychiatry extendsbiopsychosocial approaches and provides the scaffolding for more effectiveapproaches to integrative mental health care. Furthermore, rather than focusingon psychopathology, the Integral theory model describes the emergence of humanconsciousness and supports a mental health-care system that addresses mentalillness but also promotes human flourishing.

Every employee in the course of his work is faced with production factors that can lead to adverse consequences in the form of diseases and /or injuries. At the same time, the identification of hazards is still a difficult task even for the specialists. All this makes it difficult for the manager to ensure the safety of employees. Profession of the tailor was chosen as the object of the study. The labor operations were analyzed performed by the employee, as well as the condition of the equipment and tools involved in the work and the room, in which the workplace is located, along with the results of the special assessment of working conditions. The authors came to a conclusion that this procedure is not able to assess all the hazards that an employee is exposed to at his workplace during the performance of his work duties. That is why a risk assessment procedure was recently introduced in the workplace, which is mandatory for all employers. However, a single method for risk assessment was not proposed yet. In this regard, the literature sources were analyzed, and the most popular methods were selected: the Elmery method, Fine-Kinney method, the matrix method, and the checklist method. During the risk assessment procedure, conflicting results were obtained. If we assess the risk using the checklist method, then the tailor professional risk is assessed as low, according to the Elmery method - medium, and the Fine-Kinney and matrix methods showed a high level of risk. This suggests that the choice of method directly affects the final result and the magnitude of occupational risk. At the same time, the risk assessment procedure helps to identify hazards that were not considered during a special assessment of working conditions, which helps to promptly take measures to reduce hazards and improve the working conditions of the employee.

Multi-hazard risk assessment of highway bridges subjected to earthquake and hurricane hazards

Oman as one of the Arabian Gulf countries which have invested billions of dollars in the construction industries, infrastructural services and real estate, but it is clearly identified that risk assessment was not applied for once on these awarded contracts. Lack of knowledge and awareness of risk management or assessment procedures in the construction industry in Oman caused additional cost and time delay in most of the awarded construction projects. This paper aimed at developing a model for risk assessment in the Oman construction industry to save huge amounts of millions of money wasted due to this problem. A field survey of semi-structured questionnaire with face-to-face interviews was carried out in the Oman construction industry including public, contractors and consultants. The research approach relies on data collected from primary and secondary sources. Combination of quantitative and qualitative data analysis was used in analysing the data for the Model development. The risk factors in the Oman construction industry varies from one category to another, the risk factors in government category are more than the consultant category and contractor’s category. Overall, the Oman construction industry has no very high risk factors, which means it has good opportunities for investment. It is expected that the output of this research will have a good and beneficial contribution to save time and money for both public and private sectors in Oman due to expected awareness and improvements in the risk assessment procedures.

This paper summarizes the history of the development of Chinese mental health system; the current situation in the mental health field that China has to face in its effort to reform the system, including mental health burden, workforce and resources, as well as structural issues; the process of national mental health service reform, including how it was included into the national public health program, how it began as a training program and then became a treatment and intervention program, its unique training and capacity building model, and its outcomes and impacts; the barriers and challenges of the reform process; future suggestions for policy; and Chinese experiences as response to the international advocacy for the development of mental health.

Half of Patients With Suicidal Thoughts Deny It

Introduction: Clinical psychologists reported that AI seems to have the promising capacity to improve diagnostic processes and individualized approaches to therapies. The purpose of this research is to explore mental health practitioners’ views on how AI can enhance diagnostic accuracy and the ways different clients could benefit from AI applications. Objectives: The research objective of the investigation will therefore centre around and seek to uncover the following: The current awareness that mental health professionals have about AI The extent to which these mental health professionals consider AI to be useful The important factors that are likely to inform its usage among these mental health professionals. Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative survey was administered to fifty psychologists, fifty psychiatrists, one hundred AI researchers, and fifty counsellors. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the awareness of the participants regarding AI, the role they perceived this technology in the diagnosing process, and the challenges likely to be encountered in implementing this technology. For data analysis, various measures were used such as descriptive analysis, correlation analysis as well as reliability analysis using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficients. With factor analysis, the basic components or the underlying factors in the perceptions of AI systems were established. Results: The results highlighted variability in the attitudes to AI among the participants and low levels of relationship between knowledge about AI and thoughts as to its efficiency. From the numerical data analyzed, it was possible to determine that the Cronbach’s Alpha score stands at 0. A raw scale reliability value of 067 meant low internal consistency of the survey items. Through using factor analysis, two main factors were determined, which may be characterized by varying levels of trust and interest towards AI. Conclusion: Despite the potential benefits of utilizing AI as a tool in the accurate diagnoses of psychological disorders and the personalization of treatment, its application in clinical psychology is limited by issues to do with ethicality, trust, and feasibility. These barriers and therefore, the conscious effort to develop and increase patients’ understanding of Artificial Intelligence integration will be critical in the systematic incorporation of such an innovation into the mental health care systems.

Introduction: Clinical psychologists reported that AI seems to have the promising capacity to improve diagnostic processes and individualized approaches to therapies. The purpose of this research is to explore mental health practitioners’ views on how AI can enhance diagnostic accuracy and the ways different clients could benefit from AI applications. Objectives: The research objective of the investigation will therefore centre around and seek to uncover the following: The current awareness that mental health professionals have about AI The extent to which these mental health professionals consider AI to be useful The important factors that are likely to inform its usage among these mental health professionals. Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative survey was administered to fifty psychologists, fifty psychiatrists, one hundred AI researchers, and fifty counsellors. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the awareness of the participants regarding AI, the role they perceived this technology in the diagnosing process, and the challenges likely to be encountered in implementing this technology. For data analysis, various measures were used such as descriptive analysis, correlation analysis as well as reliability analysis using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficients. With factor analysis, the basic components or the underlying factors in the perceptions of AI systems were established. Results: The results highlighted variability in the attitudes to AI among the participants and low levels of relationship between knowledge about AI and thoughts as to its efficiency. From the numerical data analyzed, it was possible to determine that the Cronbach’s Alpha score stands at 0. A raw scale reliability value of 067 meant low internal consistency of the survey items. Through using factor analysis, two main factors were determined, which may be characterized by varying levels of trust and interest towards AI. Conclusion: Despite the potential benefits of utilizing AI as a tool in the accurate diagnoses of psychological disorders and the personalization of treatment, its application in clinical psychology is limited by issues to do with ethicality, trust, and feasibility. These barriers and therefore, the conscious effort to develop and increase patients’ understanding of Artificial Intelligence integration will be critical in the systematic incorporation of such an innovation into the mental health care systems.

Background: European differences in Mental Healthcare systems (MHS) and European challenges within MHS, like migration, climate change and lack of qualified professionals, require collaboration between stakeholders from individual countries within the European Union. Purpose: To exchange information between national and international associations and inspire Dutch clinical psychologists in training. Method: A digital event was organized and three renowned associations from both Portugal and The Netherlands presented their organization and current developments. This input was used in a discussion round where participants from both countries participated. Conclusion: This event provided positive outcomes on multiple levels, including being educational for specialists in training, building and maintaining the relationship between the professionals and association of both countries and providing new and inspiring perspectives that can help mutual MHS. The differences show the work that lies ahead, to create more European uniformity within MHS and to further benefit from international collaboration.

The main objective of this study is to identify the main problems in the functioning of the mental healthcare system in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, taking into account the basic principles of the Ukrainian law "On the Mental Healthcare System in Ukraine" (2025) and the experience of Ukrainian clinical psychologists and their American and British counterparts. The article aims to provide a scientific basis for studying the practical experience of providing comprehensive psychological support to veterans of combat operations in the USA and Great Britain. The article critically evaluates the activities of veterans' associations in the United States and charities in the United Kingdom with regard to counselling and treating veterans with mental health issues. An analytical study of the experiences of American and British psychologists has shown that participation in military conflicts, whether long-term (e.g. Vietnam, Iraq and Afghanistan) or short-term but high-intensity (e.g. the Falklands War), results in an imbalance of the nervous system. This generally leads to a deterioration in mental health, significantly affecting working capacity, combat readiness and subsequent relationships within families and wider society. In the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war and its aftermath, the active participation of the public (through volunteer associations and charitable foundations) and the professional activities of clinical psychologists in restoring the mental health of Ukrainian servicemen are becoming particularly relevant. A promising area of research is improving the professional training of clinical psychologists, based on the latest scientific and practical developments by Ukrainian psychologists, as well as their colleagues and partners from leading NATO member countries.

The aim of the article is to analyse the possibilities available to Polish specialists in the process of assessing the risk of violence and accompanying difficulties. In the study, three categories of problems related to the assessment of the violence risk are taken into account: systemic, personal and methodological. In accordance with the conclusions formulated based on the results of the authors’ research, an analysis of the literature and on the recommendations of the creators of internationally recognised tools for assessing the risk of violence, a model procedure for diagnosing and monitoring risk was proposed, aimed at improving the accuracy and effectiveness of assessment in Polish conditions. The authors also formulate recommendations for improving activities at systemic, personal and methodological levels, facilitating the effective and efficient implementation of the model procedure in psychiatric and penitentiary areas.

/ This study addresses the relation between the sensitivity of aquatic species and mode of action of different classes of organic chemicals. We analyzed large data sets of ecotoxicological information to reveal the interspecies variation in sensitivity, to relate this variation to the compounds' mode of action, and to explain the observed patterns using general biological information. Here we present a general framework and recommendations for risk assessment procedures. We recommend the use of toxicologically based classification schemes at an early stage of the risk assessment procedure. Screening programs are most efficiently run when only one species per compound is tested to prioritize substances. The toxicity of compounds belonging to the class of nonpolar narcotics is highly predictable and shows little interspecies variation. For these compounds quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) can be used to estimate effect levels. Most effort should be put into testing reactive compounds and compounds with a specific mode of action as toxicity to some species can be 10(5)-10(6) times higher compared with less sensitive species. The use of assessment factors in effect assessment procedures may lead to an underestimation of effects on the more sensitive species.For many priority pollutants there is little information on their ecotoxicity. Predictive techniques are needed to compensate for this lack of data. Knowledge of the relation between modes of action of compounds and interspecies variation in sensitivity should be integrated in risk assessment procedures in order to make more efficient use of the limited financial resources available.

'Navigable airspace' means an airspace at and above the minimum safe flight level, including airspace or flight procedures needed for safe takeoff and landing. Airspace may be established as needed and may be abolished, and in some cases may be limited to airspace management. These are absolutely based on risk assessment.Safety is the state in which the risk of harm to persons or of property damage is reduced to, and maintained at or below, an acceptable level thr ough a continuing process of hazard identification and risk management. 'Risk' is the assess ed potential for adverse consequences resulting from a hazard and 'Risk assessment' involves consideration of both the frequency and the severity of any adverse consequence. This paper proposed 'risk assessment procedure' for the structural changes of Navigable Airspaces through literature reviews relevant to manuals on airspace management and risk management. Key Words : Navigable airspace(공역), Airspace management(공역관리), Instrument procedures(계기비행절차), Safety management(안전관리), Risk assessment procedures(위험평가절차),