From Document to Enactment

Mining and utilizing cultural heritage resources and creating and developing creative and cultural industries have become the priority direction of economic development, setting off a wave of cultural heritage resource development, and industrial transformation. Which cultural heritage resources can have the high value of industrial transformation has become one of the research topics that have attracted much attention. In view of this problem, research is of great significance to the development of cultural heritage resources and the field of industrial transformation. With the in-depth research on resource development and industrial transformation, the research on artificial neural network (ANN) in cultural industry transformation is gradually carried out, and its performance advantages are of great significance to solve the problem of value evaluation. This paper aims to study the application of the value assessment method based on the BP neural network (BPNN) in the development of cultural heritage resources and industrial transformation. Through the analysis and research of BPNN and cultural heritage resource development and industrial transformation, it can be applied to the construction of resource value assessment methods to solve the problem of improving the value level of cultural heritage resource development and industry. This paper analyzes BPNN, cultural heritage, and value evaluation methods, conducts experimental analysis on the performance of the algorithm, and uses related theoretical formulas to explain. The results show that the evaluation method has passed the random consistency test, and the results are valid. The obtained index popularity weight value is 0.134, the economic benefit weight value is 0.093, and the resource correlation degree weight value is 0.074, which can be used as the key criteria for resource value evaluation. The classification of resources through resource value assessment can provide theoretical support for the development and industrialization of cultural heritage and can meet the needs of improving the value and quality of cultural heritage development and industrial transformation, and the development level and satisfaction have been greatly improved.

Culture-led regeneration, understood as a range of policies using cultural activity as a catalyst for urban regeneration, has been widely implemented by many European cities. The interest of local businesses and politicians in these processes seems undiminished despite the various systemic crises hitting European cities. In the meantime, the ways in which culture-led regeneration and its promoters interact with, shape and manipulate local discourses and meanings have become critical for its successful implementation. Drawing upon the literature on the politics of urban development, this paper looks at how culture-led regeneration promulgates, negotiates and manipulates local discourses and meanings. It takes the example of European maritime port cities, where these processes have often served as a means to address the challenges associated with shifting meanings and practices surrounding port-city relationships. We argue that culture-led regeneration schemes operating in port cities in the twenty-first century strive to engage directly with local discourses and meanings associated with past economic activities but, in doing so, renegotiate them, producing hybridized models of regeneration that mirror and align with the agenda of culture-led urban growth coalitions.

With the rapid development of the global digital economy, there has been an increase in research on the digital transformation of the tertiary industry, including the culture and tourism industry. The digital transformation of culture and tourism industry is influenced by various factors including Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH). However, existing research has not proposed a measurement tool for the digital transformation of culture and tourism from the perspective of the digital economy. Through a systematic literature review of 3082 manuscripts published in top-tier journals indexed in CNKI and Web of Science scholarly databases, this study combines the cross-validation results of statistical analysis and thematic analysis to comprehensively expound the measurement factors of digital transformation of culture and tourism industry and future research trends. The main measurement factors are summarized from four perspectives: digital industrialization, industry digitalization, digital governance, and data valorization, and the digitization of ICH is found to be a key factor in the digital transformation of cultural and tourism integration. And five research development trends are proposed accordingly: First, the green sustainable development trend of industry; Second, the digital transformation path of cultural tourism industry; Third, the development situation of digital co-governance of digital government; Fourth, the data utilization and information security construction in digital society; Fifth, the construction of general measurement standards for the digital transformation of cultural tourism industry.

In the era of globalisation, our world is in transition and there are challenges every day, such as climate change, and natural resource depletion. These environmental challenges threaten our lives and necessitate taking measures to transition toward resilient and reliable low-carbon developments. In this context, sustainability has recently gained substantial attention across sectors. In the face of increasing growth in the world economy, together with natural resource depletion, there is a need for new economic approaches. As a response for improvement in resource performance, economies have started to explore ways not only to reuse products but also to restore more precious material and energy inputs. The concept of a ‘Circular Economy’ (CE) can promise a move to sustainability in businesses and economies. Sustainable relations between port city stakeholders is one of the emerging sectors. However, globally, port cities are within an economic system that is structured on the linear ‘take-make-dispose’ model, not sustainable models. During the last two decades, ports and their urban areas have been increasingly facing environmental challenges. Ports can have significant environmental impacts due to the types of activities that take place in them, resulting in negative externalities such as air and water pollution that mirror the destructive linear economy models at port-cities. Continual globalisation based on trade liberalisation, with its increasing cargo transport, has resulted in a significant increase in pressures on port infrastructure and city resources, which should be addressed in a sustainable way. A limited number of studies on European port cities’ sustainability have focused on ports under the CE approach, specifically within the ports’ waste management and energy efficiency context. This chapter reviews of ports and development, city and development, and explores Port-City redevelopment within the CE agenda that has been undertaken in the context of European ports. The review identifies what some European port cities have been doing to become more sustainable, with the help of a CE approach. It discusses challenges and potentials in European port cities and concludes on how ports are currently realising the potential of CE strategies, in particular for redevelopment and also competition in the market. Furthermore, it identifies how EU ports have voiced a need for further regulation to support the transition to the circular economy.KeywordsPort citiesCircular economyRedevelopment

Culture is a constitutive part of urban life quality and a crucial urban policy dimension. Most of European cultural heritage is concentrated in cities. European cities differ substantially with regard to how well residents are satisfied with cultural facilities. Research purpose. The purpose of this research is to find which city characteristics are linked to higher or lower satisfaction with cultural facilities across European cities. In particular, the study explores the relationship between the perceived quality of cultural facilities and income level, tourist inflows and local congestion effects (measured as population density and traffic congestion), while controlling for the city size, capital city status and the overall urban life satisfaction. Design / Methodology / Approach. Satisfaction with cultural facilities is based on the European Commission survey data on the quality of urban life in 83 European cities. Respondents assess perceived quality of cultural facilities (museums, theatres, concert halls and libraries) on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from “not at all satisfied” to “very satisfied.” This article calculates the balance of replies to the respective question, ranks European cities according to the perceived quality of cultural facilities, and then employs a multifactor regression analysis to check the relationship between satisfaction with cultural facilities and different city characteristics. Findings. The findings indicate that residents of Zurich, Vienna, and Groningen are the most satisfied with cultural facilities in their cities, while those in Tirana, Valletta, and Skopje are the least satisfied. Satisfaction with cultural facilities is positively associated with income level, overall satisfaction with urban life, as well as with the actual per capita number of cultural facilities in a given city. In turn, large tourist inflows, high population density and traffic congestion decrease satisfaction with cultural facilities. Residents of the European capital cities tend to be less satisfied with cultural facilities, even after controlling for city size, overtourism and local congestion effects. Originality / Value / Practical implications. This study offers several contributions. First, it utilises the most recent wave (2023) of the European Commission survey on the quality of life in European cities and focuses on satisfaction with cultural facilities, while outlining the role of culture in urban economic development and general well-being. Second, it formally shows how tourist inflows and local congestion effects decrease satisfaction with cultural facilities in several European cities. Third, it highlights that the perceived quality of cultural facilities is lower in the capital cities, even after controlling for the actual per capita number of cultural facilities, tourist inflows and local congestion effects. These findings can provide insights for policymakers seeking to enhance the efficient use of cultural infrastructure and improve satisfaction with cultural life across Europe.

In the post-epidemic era, comprehensive industrial transformation and upgrading is strong support to promote cultural tourism high-quality development, to cultivate new business forms, and an important force to boost rural revitalization. From the Wuli—Shili-Renli (WSR) methodology perspective, this paper constructs the three-dimensional inner logic framework of cultural tourism transformation and upgrading, and further puts forward the behavioral logic framework with seven main steps. Then a practical path for the cultural tourism transformation and upgrading with “three integrations” is also construed. Finally, it summarizes relevant reflection to cultural tourism transformation and upgrade. Combine with the WSR system method, this paper can not only enrich the logic mode analysis of industrial transformation and upgrading, but also provide certain methods and practical reference from a systems way of thinking. It also enriches the WSR systematic research to a certain extent.

Welcome to the succession-centric era of leadership. Where leadership transitions take center stage as 3 powerful narratives converge: cultural storytelling, industry transformation, and scientific insight. Entertainment juggernauts like Succession and Shōgun depict leadership transitions as deeply engaging human dramas, while $56 trillion in mergers and acquisitions over the last 2 decades demonstrate the staggering real-world stakes. The Center for Creative Leadership’s comprehensive analysis of succession planning spans 161 Emmy- and Golden Globe–nominated television shows,190 case studies across 19 industries, and 1,000 peer-reviewed articles on succession planning. The evidence is unmistakable. As the number of companies from the original Fortune 500 list continues to shrink, organizations face record-high CEO turnover and hemorrhage $1 trillion annually through poor transitions. Yet 70% still operate without formal succession plans, navigating tomorrow’s challenges with yesterday’s ad hoc tools. Global forces drive this era. Leaders must navigate through societal polarization, adapt to shifting regulatory landscapes and demographics, and prepare for extreme weather events. They must harness artificial intelligence, leverage social media, and manage geopolitical tensions. Each new challenge reminds us that the old playbook for leadership transitions is closed. We believe an important opportunity lies within these challenges. Organizations that understand the succession-centric era as a convergence of 3 narratives — cultural storytelling, industry transformation, and scientific insight — will write the next chapter of leadership. The future belongs to those who recognize that succession planning is more than a process or a system. Succession planning is a mindset. One that understands and leverages the powers of culture, experience, and science to get it right, right now; keep getting it right; and reimagine what’s right for the future. Those who don’t get it right risk becoming cautionary tales. In our research, we’ve connected the stories and data we’ve collected to megatrends and real-world outcomes. Our research is presented across 4 reports that provide the leadership pulse and lists of leaders to watch, along with playlists, frameworks, strategic recommendations, and scenarios designed to help leaders and their teams provide continuity for the entire business and develop the unique capabilities to anticipate what’s coming next. The succession-centric era is here. Leaders must transform succession planning from a reactive necessity into their greatest competitive advantage. The future of leadership begins now.

The concept of a port city, when narrated by popular visualities, goes through intense transformations of port spaces. Globalization, technological transformations of the maritime industry, and waterfront renewal programs influence a romantic myth of the port town and maritime culture. The aim of the article is to interpret the cultural conventions governing the portrayal of port cities and present a picture postcard as a visual narrative. Visual discourse analysis is used for a study of seven European port cities and their visual representations. Three metaphorical dominants of visual discourse have been distinguished: (1) waterfront and the port town tertiary sector; (2) technology, power, and domination; and (3) maritime culture and romanticism. The postcards that are analyzed reflect a tension between the intensely transformed postindustrial areas and the romantic images of a port city.

The study of illiteracy and literacy within European educational history highlights key developments and the ever-evolving challenges that shape educational policies, while also revealing the complex nature of illiteracy in contemporary society. The need to adapt education to social, cultural, and technological transformations has led to the recognition of new forms of literacy that go beyond the traditional understanding of reading and writing skills, expanding the competencies required for full participation in a constantly evolving society. Since the early decades of the 20th century, education in Europe has recognized that illiteracy is not limited to basic reading and writing abilities but is closely linked to social and cultural inequalities that restrict access to educational opportunities and active participation in social life. The ongoing progress in EU educational policies aimed at promoting social inclusion and universal education demonstrates positive steps being taken; however, disparities remain pronounced and call for new strategies to address them. Education is thus called upon to act as a tool for cultural recognition and social inclusion, fostering critical thinking and active citizenship. In the 21st century, the need for intercultural awareness and the ongoing advancement of technological developments emerges as critical factors in the development of all forms of literacy. Despite significant progress, structural contradictions persist, underscoring the need for social, political, and cultural transformations in educational policy to ensure genuine inclusion and equality for all citizens. This article examines the strategies developed in different historical periods to combat illiteracy and enhance literacy, focusing on social inclusion and the overcoming of barriers arising from cultural and social differences, while also highlighting the difficulty of eliminating structural inequalities that persist within European educational models.

Rosemary Wakeman’s original survey text comprehensively explores modern European urban history from 1815 to the present day. It provides a journey to cities and towns across the continent, in search of the patterns of development that have shaped the urban landscape as indelibly European. The focus is on the built environment, the social and cultural transformations that mark the patterns of continuity and change, and the transition to modern urban society. Including over 60 images that serve to illuminate the analysis, the book examines whether there is a European city, and if so, what are its characteristics? Wakeman offers an interdisciplinary approach that incorporates concepts from cultural and postcolonial studies, as well as urban geography, and provides full coverage of urban society not only in western Europe, but also in eastern and southern Europe, using various cities and city types to inform the discussion. The book provides detailed coverage of the often-neglected urbanization post-1945 which allows us to more clearly understand the modernizing arc Europe has followed over the last two centuries.

The purpose of this article is to analyse the main trends in the development of cultural and creative industries in Ukraine in the first quarter of the 21st century. It examines the influence of cultural, social, and economic changes on the formation and transformation of cultural and creative industries, including artistic projects, national brands, and cultural initiatives. The research methodology is based on general scientific principles of systematisation and generalisation, which enabled the author to identify and scientific prove the key trends of the development of cultural and creative industries in Ukraine. The implementation of the systematic approach provided an analysis of cultural and creative industries as a complex and dynamic system that interacts with socio-cultural and economic processes. The comparative method allowed for the analyse of the development of cultural and creative industries in European countries and the identify their specificity in Ukraine. The analytical method facilitated the identification of conceptual foundations and characteristics of cultural and creative industries as a tool for cultural transformation. The historical approach ensured an understanding of the evolution of cultural and creative industries in the context of global trends and transformations of the Ukrainian cultural space. Using the descriptive method, the current state of the development of cultural and creative industries, their impact on Ukraine's artistic environment, and the international cultural brand of the country were analysed. The scientific novelty of the article lies in conducting a cultural analysis of the main trends in the development of cultural and creative industries in Ukraine in the first quarter of the 21st century, particularly through studying their interaction with European and global practices. For the first time, conceptual approaches to the formation of Ukraine's cultural brand based on artistic projects in the context of globalisation challenges and contemporary cultural transformations are examined. Conclusions: The development of cultural and creative industries in Ukraine in the first quarter of the 21st century occurs amidst dynamic changes in the socio-cultural environment, driven by globalisation, digitalisation, and the activation of artistic initiatives. An analysis of international experience confirms that cultural and creative industries play a key role in shaping the national cultural brand and enhancing Ukraine's international competitiveness. It has been established that artistic projects are an effective tool for developing cultural and creative industries, contributing to creative self-expression, creating new opportunities for artists, and strengthening cultural ties at both national and international levels. Integrating global practices and adapting them to Ukrainian realities opens up prospects for the further development of cultural and creative industries as an important element of the country's cultural transformation.

Urban policies in many European port cities have displayed attempts to diversify the local economy and rebrand the city within interurban competition. Whilst these processes have been commented upon in relation to their socio-economic and spatial outcomes, little research has engaged with their connection with the maritime nature of port cities. With examples from urban development and regeneration strategies in two European port cities, Rotterdam (The Netherlands) and Valencia (Spain), this paper elaborates on the concepts of demaritimisation and remaritimisation of port cities, from a cultural perspective, to support the argument that, in some cases, these strategies have been underpinned by attempts to overlook or depart from the city’s maritime identity, history and heritage. These efforts by policy makers aim to overcome the perceived ‘disadvantage’ of the port image or to create and promote different, not necessarily authentic, relationships with the port and the sea.

This article is an international collaboration focusing on three European port cities – Antwerp (Belgium), Gothenburg (Sweden) and Rotterdam (Netherlands) – in 1952, during the golden age of cinema prior to the rise of television. The objective is to test an approach for making transnational comparisons of distribution and exhibition based on film programming data. We use a mixed-method approach that combines data visualisations based on a simple network analysis and time plot visualisations. Our aim is to show how these visualisations can be helpful in characterising and comparing cinema markets in an attempt to answer the question of how films move through a city from one cinema to the other and how this flow can be characterised and compared.

In the past few decades, with the industrial transformation and upgrading of many Chinese cities, a large number of obsolete industrial buildings have appeared in the central areas of the cities. Although these former industrial buildings have lost their original functions in manufacturing industry, they have great spatial structure and geographic locations. Some post- industrial areas also bear the expectations of the older generation since they have witnessed the historical changes, cultural transmission and development of the cities. Many western countries have experienced the transformation of post-industrial buildings earlier than China and some successful regeneration projects incorporated the transformation of post-industrial buildings with their national development plans and conducted in-depth theoretical studies and practical case demonstrations. Similarly, China has been actively conducting the research and practice for the transformation of post-industrial buildings in the past few decades. These former industrial buildings are effectively employed to maximize the economic benefits and enhance the historical values and cultural connotations of these old industrial buildings. This paper analyzes the purpose of innovative transformation of post-industrial building space and the significance of the transformation from the perspective of national economy, ecological environment, and national policy. It also explores the issues concerning the innovation of micro spatial change and cultural transformation.

The policy assemblage approaches offer productive ways to understand how actors, institutions, and discourses interact to steer policies in different directions and produce new meanings and relations in society. However, they are disadvantaged by the lack of productive methodologies. This study addresses this gap by introducing the method of ‘constructive juxtaposition’ and engaging with an interdisciplinary approach to studying policy assemblages. This method facilitates a critical engagement in a single study, with, on the one hand, intended or unintended outcomes of policies or related instruments and, on the other hand, the understanding of the ways in which those outcomes are (re)produced in interplays between actors, institutions, and discourses in given contexts. The method of ‘constructive juxtaposition’ brings these two, often separate, research agendas into a productive dialogue. Building on the approaches and techniques of ‘studying through’ or ‘following’ policies, this method is based on the assumption that researching and exploring both sides of juxtaposition simultaneously bring a more comprehensive understanding of policy assemblages. By applying this method, this paper demonstrates how ‘European city’ ideals are produced in the interplay between actors, institutions, and discourses in the processes of implementation of the European Union's initiatives for designating common European heritage.