Abstract
The friction mechanisms during the running-in stage and its effect on the subsequent steady-state were investigated by examining the evolution of surface topography and subsurface microstructures in pure copper sliding against a WC-Co ball. Scanning electron microscopy observations indicated that plastic deformation induced grain refinement occurs after only several sliding passes. A transition in the dominant friction mechanism from plastic deformation to delamination and oxidation was found in the running-in stage, corresponding to a peak coefficient of friction and onset of detectable wear.
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