Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may lead to acute respiratory disease; cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and coagulation complications; and even death. One of the major complications is cardiovascular disorders, including arrhythmias, myocarditis, pericarditis, and acute coronary artery disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of cardiovascular complications and to determine its association with the prognosis of COVID-19 patients. In a prospective analytic study, 137 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were enrolled. During hospitalization, an electrocardiogram (ECG) was performed every other day, and laboratory tests such as cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) were done 0, 6, and 12 hours after admission. These tests were repeated for patients with chest pain or ECG changes. Patients were categorized into three groups (improved, complicated, and expired patients) and assessed for the rate and type of arrhythmias, cardiac complications, lab tests, and outcomes of treatments. There was no significant relationship among the three groups related to primary arrhythmia and arrhythmias during treatment. The most common arrhythmia during hospitalization and after treatment was ST-T fragment changes. There was a significant age difference between the three groups (P = 0.001). There was a significant difference among the three groups for some underlying diseases, including diabetes mellitus (P = 0.003) and hyperlipidemia (P = 0.004). In our study, different types of arrhythmias had no association with patients' outcomes but age over 60 years, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia played an important role in the prognosis of COVID-19 cases.
Highlights
Since late 2019, a new form of the coronavirus family has caused a contagious respiratory disease in China and quickly led to pandemics of acute respiratory disease in many countries [1]
One of the main complications of COVID-19 is cardiovascular disorders, which are caused by the presence of ACE-2 receptors in the lungs, heart, arteries, and kidneys [3]
We aimed to evaluate the frequency of cardiovascular complications and its association with the prognosis of COVID-19 patients
Summary
Since late 2019, a new form of the coronavirus family has caused a contagious respiratory disease in China and quickly led to pandemics of acute respiratory disease in many countries [1]. This single-stranded RNA virus, which is a member of the beta-coronavirus family and is known as coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), appears with a variety of symptoms such as fever, dry cough, fatigue, and myalgia. One of the main complications of COVID-19 is cardiovascular disorders, which are caused by the presence of ACE-2 receptors in the lungs, heart, arteries, and kidneys [3]. 7.5% of myocardial cells express ACE-2 that can mediate the virus entry into the heart muscle and result in cardiotoxicity [5]
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