Abstract
Frequency nanosecond electron accelerators type URT have been developed for use in radiation technologies. The accelerators include a thyratron, a pulse transformer, and a semiconductor opening switch. The accelerating voltage is up to 0.9 MV, FWHM pulse length is up to 50 ns, and the operating frequency is up to 250 Hz. A metal ceramic cathode, which is used in the accelerator, provides an electron beam up to 160 mm in diameter at a maximum density of the pulse current equal to 2 A/cm2. A vacuum diode has been developed for two-sided irradiation of materials. The cathode holder of the vacuum diode is designed as two symmetric arms, which are connected to a common current conductor and mount two cathodes at the ends one opposite to the other. The vacuum diode with dielectric metal cathodes was tested in a URT-0.5 electron accelerator (the electron energy being up to 0.5 MeV and the average output power of the beam up to 1 kW).
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