Abstract
Changes in the expression of Lewis antigens have been associated with cancer diseases, and recent results have pointed at a possible increased risk of cancer development among Lewis negative patients. The frequency of the erythrocyte Lewis phenotypes Le(a- b+), Le(a+ b-) and Le(a- b-) was analysed in patients suffering from urinary bladder cancer (82), colon cancer (21), and benign urological diseases (45). An increased frequency of Lewis negative individuals was found among colon cancer patients (P less than 0.004) and bladder cancer patients (P = 0.05). The Lewis negative phenotype was shown to be associated with unfavourable disease parameters: invasion (P less than 0.02) and high grade of atypia (P less than 0.01) in bladder cancer patients, and high Dukes stage (P less than 0.05) in colon cancer patients. alpha 1-4fucosyltransferase activity (Lewis transferase) was shown to be present in saliva from four out of eight erythrocyte Lewis negative cancer patients, indicating that some patients with advanced cancer disease may have converted from a Lewis positive to a Lewis negative phenotype.
Highlights
No statistically significant differences in the distribution of ABO phenotypes were found between cancer patients and the volunteer donor population, whereas the incidence of Lea b phenotype among colon cancer (23.8%) and bladder cancer patients (12.2%) was significantly higher when compared to the volunteer donor population (7.1 %) (P < 0.003 and P = 0.05, respectively) (Table I)
The distribution of ABO and Lewis phenotypes among patients suffering from the benign diseases hypertrophia of the prostate and chronic cystitis (Table II) was not significantly different from the distribution found in the volunteer donor population
Compared to patients with Lewis positive phenotypes, this was significant at the P
Summary
Ten ml samples of human whole blood were obtained from 82 patients suffering from urinary bladder carcinomas, 21 patients suffering from carcinoma of the colon (Table III), 26 patients suffering from hyperplasia of the prostate, and from 19 patients suffering from chronic cystitis (Table IV). The samples were used for serology within 24 h. Saliva samples were obtained simultaneously with the blood samples from some of the patients. One ml saliva was stored at - 80°C for enzyme analysis and I ml was stored at - 20°C for hemagglutination inhibition tests. Data on the grade of atypia (Bergkvist et al, 1965) presence or absence of invasion and Dukes stage were obtained from routine pathologic examination. The diagnosis chronic cystitis was based on histopathologic examination of bladder mucosa biopsies
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