Abstract
Abstract The French military employed large numbers of foreign soldiers throughout the nation's history but none ever achieved the notoriety of the French Foreign Legion, founded in 1831 during the reign of the last French king, Louis‐Philippe, and still operating today. The Legion was originally founded to provide employment for the king's recently disbanded Swiss Guard and as a repository for worrisome political refugees living in the French capital. Subsequently, it became one of the main instruments of French imperial expansion and national defense in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The fame of the French Foreign Legion encouraged other countries to emulate it, but only one such experiment, the Spanish Foreign Legion, has endured.
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