Abstract
Summary Fracture acidizing of carbonates has yielded increases in production in many areas of the world, but depending on rock strength and reservoir closure pressure, this response may be lower than expected. Also, as a result of rock strength and closure pressure, production may decline at a higher rate than following a proppant fracture treatment. Laboratory results are presented describing the effect of various acid systems on the strength reduction of limestone and dolomite-formation rock samples. Formation samples were dry or saturated with 2-wt% potassium chloride brine before testing. Samples were exposed to neat, emulsified, gelled, and crosslinked 15-wt% hydrochloric acids (HCl) and each exhibited a differing effect on rock-strength reduction. In addition, production responses are presented and compared with regard to the type of acid system used for stimulation. On the basis of the results obtained, acid-system choices made a significant difference in the degree of rock softening of carbonates. Emulsified acid caused the least softening effect on limestone and dolomite cores. Softening effects were greater on limestone than on dolomite rocks. Production responses from emulsified-acid treatments were best.
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