Abstract
Geochemical fractionation of Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Cobalt (Co), Zink (Zn), Iron (Fe) and Manganese (Mn) in sediment of the East China Sea were determined using four-stages of modified BCR sequential extraction method combination with ICP-MS. The total concentration of trace metals in sediment samples were in the following order: Fe >Mn>Pb> Zn > Co > Cd. Cd is present mainly in acid soluble fraction. Pb and Mn are in the group with presenting of easy reducible fraction and acid soluble fraction. Fe and Co were found in a group with mainly in residual fraction, while Zn was distributed in all four fractions. The highest contamination factors were found for Cd and Mn while the lowest were found for Fe and Co in almost station. The result showed low risk for Fe and Co in all station, Pb (except S2 and S3), Zn at S3,S6 and S7, and Mn at S1. A medium risk is indicated for Pb at S2 and S3, Zn at S1 and S5, and Mn at S2 and S6. A high risk showed for Zn at S2 and S4, and Mn at S4 and S5, while Cd at almost station (except S4) was very high risk.
Highlights
Metal and metalloid can accumulated in sediment, sludge and soil may pose an environmental problem concerning possible metal transfer from sediment to the aquatic system and including them in the food chain (Wuana & Okiemen, 2011).contaminant content of sediment be significantly modified and regulated by reaction occurring on the surface of particles in the sediment, which play a significant role in speciation and contaminant bioavailability (Gonzales, Thuovenin, Dange, Chiffoleau, & Boutier, 2006).Heavy metals or trace metals are of particular concern owing to their environmental persistence, bio-geochemical, and toxicity risk (Dhanakumar, Rutharvel, Solaraj, &Mohanraj, 2013)
Fe and Co were found in a group with mainly in residual fraction, while Zn was distributed in all four fractions
The highest contamination factors were found for Cd and Mn while the lowest were found for Fe and Co in almost station
Summary
Metal and metalloid can accumulated in sediment, sludge and soil may pose an environmental problem concerning possible metal transfer from sediment to the aquatic system and including them in the food chain (Wuana & Okiemen, 2011).contaminant content of sediment be significantly modified and regulated by reaction occurring on the surface of particles in the sediment (sorption/desorption), which play a significant role in speciation and contaminant bioavailability (Gonzales, Thuovenin, Dange, Chiffoleau, & Boutier, 2006).Heavy metals or trace metals are of particular concern owing to their environmental persistence, bio-geochemical, and toxicity risk (Dhanakumar, Rutharvel, Solaraj, &Mohanraj, 2013). Heavy metals or trace metals are of particular concern owing to their environmental persistence, bio-geochemical, and toxicity risk Previous study of trace metals mainly focus on their total concentration in sediment & Zeng, 2012; Miola, Morai, & Pinheiro, 2016). This data is poor indicator of bioavailability, mobility or toxicity; these properties basically depend on the chemical bonding between metals and solid phases of the samples. Metal ions in sediments are partitioned between the different phases, i.e., organic matter, oxyhydroxides of iron, aluminum and manganese, phyllosilicate minerals, carbonates and sulfides. Metal ions are retained in the solid phase by different mechanisms (ion exchange, outer and inner-sphere surface complexation (adsorption), precipitation or co-precipitation
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