FPGA-based parallel implementation to classify Hyperspectral images by using a Convolutional Neural Network

Abstract

Thanks to its richness in extractable features, Hyperspectral images (HSI) find an accelerated use in medical, industrial, agricultural, and environmental fields. In this paper, we present a wavelet-based reduction technique that creates a Hypercube containing the most significant features extracted from the original HSI and representing a multi-dimensional array that is utilized for training a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), which is designed here to classify different types of surfaces or materials. The performance of this approach is tested and proved using two distinct datasets. Then, we compare the same approach with the PCA, a widely used reduction method. The most important contribution of this paper is the implementation of an FPGA-based parallel accelerator to train the same suggested CNN in only 10% of the computational time compared to the classical CPU-based techniques. The Microblaze will be explained and exploited here to play the role of an embedded microprocessor.