Abstract
Two lines of mosquitofish were subjected to within-family selection for high 56-day weight for four generations. Comparison with the control line indicated a selection response in both sexes but only the male response was statistically significant. Relative to expected gains, males responded more strongly than females. A strong response was also observed in the proportion of males mature at 56 days of age. The performance of all lines in maturity and weight declined substantially during the study. What caused the decline is uncertain. The pattern of decline over time was not entirely consistent with an environmental cause, but there was also no direct evidence for a genetic cause. Unintentional selection, possibly involving intergenotype competition, is the most likely genetic cause of the decline.
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